Helen Mar Kimball Whitney

Na soifua mai i le 1828 ia Heber C. Ma Vilate Murray Kimball, na molimauina e Helen Mar Kimball le tele o mea na tutupu o le Toefuataiga. Ina ua tolu ona tausaga, na papatiso ona matua faatasi ma ni uo lelei i le aiga o Polika Iaga. Na “pei e tasi” nei aiga e lua, na manatua mulimuli ane e Helen. “O le uso o lona tama o Polika,” o le mea moni, na papatisoina Helen ina ua nonofo faatasi aiga e lua i Katelani, Ohaio, e faapotopoto ma le Au Paia. Sa ia olioli i le faatasitasi i aoauli o aso Sa i vasega Tusi Paia i togalaau o Katelani.¹

O le tama o Helen, o Heber, na faauuina o se Aposetolo i le 1835 ma na masani ona malaga ese i misiona. I taimi o lona toesea, na fesoasoani Helen e tausia le fale, o se faagasologa na faaauau ina ua siitia le aiga i Fa Uesi, Misuri, ina ua iva tausaga o Helen. Na sosola le au Kimball mai le saua o le aufaatupu faalavelave i le setete, ma na latou sosola i Ilinoi ma fesoasoani e nofoia Navu.²

O Iosefa Samita, o se uo mamae a le au Kimball, na aoaoina faalilolilo Heber ma Vilate i le 1841 e uiga i faaipoipoga faaautaunonofo, lea na poloaiina o ia e ala i le faaaliga e faailoa atu.³ Ia Me po o Iuni o le 1843, na faailoa atu ai e Heber ia Helen le manatu o faaipoipoga faaautaunonofo ma uunaia o ia ia faamau ia Iosefa Samita o se ava faaautaunonofo. Na ia malie i le faamauga ma na iloaina mulimuli ane sa “mo na o le faavavau lava,” na tauina mai ai o le sootaga e lei i ai ni fegalegaleaiga faafeusuai.⁴ Na mafaufau Helen o le faaipoipoga o se taulaga e mafai ai ona soo faatasi aiga o Kimball ma Samita i le nuu faalelagi.⁵ Ina ua mavae le maliu o Iosefa i le 1844, na feoai ma faaipoipo Helen ia Horace Kimball Whitney, le tuagane o lana uo lelei o Sarah Ann Whitney ma le atalii o Newel K. ma Elizabeth Ann Whitney. Na faaipoipo Helen ma Horace mo le olaga nei i le Malumalu o Navu i le aso 3 o Fepuari, 1846.⁶

I le taimi o le malaga atu o le Au Paia o Aso e Gata Ai i le Vanu o Sate Leki, na fanauina ai e Helen ni atalii se toalua. Na fanau mai ua maliu le muamua, ae o le lona lua na maliu i ni aso talu ona fanau mai. O lana tama lona tolu na maliu lava i le aso na fanau ai i le Vanu o Sate Leki. O le isi toavalu o le fanau a Helen na feola ina ua fananau mai, e ui na maliu lana tama teine matua i le mamapala i le 16 o tausaga, o lana tama teine laitiiti lava na maliu i le fiva i le 4 o tausaga ma na maliu se atalii i le 21. Faatasi ai ma le maliega a Helen, na faaipoipo atu Horace i ni ava faaautaunonofo e toalua, o Lucy Amelia Bloxham ma Mary Cravath. Na maliu Lucy e lei atoa se tausaga talu lana faaipoipoga. Na nofo Mary e sosoo ma Helen, ma na fesoasoani le toalua i le fanau a le tasi ma le isi.⁷

Na auai Helen i le Ekalesia ma lona nuu i Iuta, ae maise lava i galuega alofa ma aso faamanatu o le Aualofa.⁸ I le uunaiga a Emmeline B.Wells, na tusia ai e Helen ni manatuaga o uluai aso o le Ekalesia lea na lolomiina i le mekasini o le Woman’s Exponent . Na avea o ia ma se tusitala ma se tusi talaaga talenia.⁹ Ina ua faalauiloa faalauaitele e Iosefa Samita lll faapea e lei faia e lona tama pe na aoaoina faaipoipoga faaautaunonofo i Navu, na lolomi e Helen ni tamai tusi se lua e puipuia ai le faatinoga: Faaipoipoga Faaautaunonofo e pei ona Aoaoina e le Perofeta o Iosefa Samita ma le O le Mafuaaga Matou te Faatinoina ai Faaipoipoga Faaautaunonofo.¹⁰

Na maliu Helen i le 1896 ma na faanoanoa ai tagata o aiga ma uo mamae. “Ou te matuai olioli lava,” na ia tusia ai, “na ou maua le avanoa e avea ai ma se tasi o i latou na o mai i le tele o faigata ma maua se malamalama mo au lava ia faapea o lenei galuega o le galuega a le Atua.”¹¹

Punaoa o le Ekalesia

“Plural Marriage in Kirtland and Nauvoo,” Gospel Topics Essays, topics.ChurchofJesusChrist.org.

“Whitney, Helen Mar Kimball,” in Jill Mulvay Derr, Carol Cornwall Madsen, Kate Holbrook, and Matthew J. Grow, eds., The First Fifty Years of Relief Society: Key Documents in Latter-day Saint Women’s History (Salt Lake City, Utah: Church Historian’s Press, 2016), 684.

Lisi o Punaoa

O lomiga nei o loo tuuina atu ai nisi faamatalaga e uiga i lenei autu. I le faasinoina atu po o le faafesootaia o oe i nei punaoa, matou te le faamaonia pe faamautinoa atu le anomea po o manatu o tusitala.

Jeni Broberg Holzapfel and Richard Neitzel Holzapfel, eds., A Woman’s View: Helen Mar Whitney’s Reminiscences of Early Church History (Provo, Utah: Religious Studies Center, 1997).

Charles M. Hatch and Todd M. Compton, A Widow’s Tale: 1884–1896 Diary of Helen Mar Kimball Whitney (Logan: Utah State University Press, 2003).

J. Spencer Fluhman, “‘A Subject That Can Bear Investigation’: Anguish, Faith, and Joseph Smith’s Youngest Plural Wife,” Mormon Historical Studies, vol. 11, no. 1 (Spring 2010), 41–51.

Jay A. Parry, “‘The Lord Has Remembered His Handmaiden in Her Affliction’: Helen Mar Kimball Whitney,” in Richard E. Turley Jr. and Brittany A. Chapman, eds., Women of Faith in the Latter Days, vol. 2 (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 2012).

Autu Fesootai: Joseph Smith and Plural Marriage [Iosefa Samita ma Faaipoipoga Faaautaunonofo], Relief Society [Aualofa], Plural Marriage in Utah [Faaipoipoga Faaautaunonofo i Iuta]

Faamatalaga

1. Helen Mar Whitney, “Life Incidents,” Woman’s Exponent, vol. 9 (Aug. 1, 1880), 38; (Apr. 15, 1881), 170; (Aug. 15, 1880), 42; vol. 10 (Jun. 15, 1881), 9; Helen Mar Whitney, “Early Reminiscences,” Woman’s Exponent, vol. 9 (Jun. 1, 1880), 5.

2. Whitney, “Life Incidents”; Whitney, “Early Reminiscences.”

3. Lyndon W. Cook, Nauvoo Marriages Proxy Sealings, 1843–1846 (Provo, Utah: Grandin Book, 2004), 33, note 3; Stanley B. Kimball, Heber C. Kimball: Mormon Patriarch and Pioneer (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1981), 93; “Joseph Smith Documents from February through November 1841,” in Brent M. Rogers, Mason K. Allred, Gerrit J. Dirkmaat, and Brett D. Dowdle, eds., Documents, Volume 8: February–November 1841. Vol. 8 of the Documents series of The Joseph Smith Papers, edited by Ronald K. Esplin, Matthew J. Grow, Matthew C. Godfrey, and R. Eric Smith (Salt Lake City: Church Historian’s Press, 2019), xxxii–xxxiii.

4. “Plural Marriage in Kirtland and Nauvoo,” Gospel Topics Essays, topics.ChurchofJesusChrist.org.

5. Jeni Broberg Holzapfel and Richard Neitzel Holzapfel, eds., A Woman’s View: Helen Mar Whitney’s Reminiscences of Early Church History (Salt Lake City: Religious Studies Center, 1997), 481–487; Helen Mar Kimball Whitney, Autobiography [2] in Heber C. Kimball Family History (Heber C. Kimball Family Association, 1992), 5; J. Spencer Fluhman, “‘A Subject That Can Bear Investigation’: Anguish, Faith, and Joseph Smith’s Youngest Plural Wife,” Mormon Historical Studies, vol. 11, no. 1 (Spring 2010), 41–51. Tagai foi i le Autu: Sealing [Faamauga].

6. Holzapfel and Holzapfel, eds., A Woman’s View, xvi–xviii.

7. Holzapfel and Holzapfel, eds., A Woman’s View, xxiv–xxv; “Lucy Amelia Bloxham,” Pioneer Database, history.ChurchofJesusChrist.org. Tagai foi i le Autu: Pioneer Women and Medicine [Tamaitai Paionia ma Vailaau Faafomai]

8. “Report of Relief Society Jubilee, March 17, 1892,” in Jill Mulvay Derr, Carol Cornwall Madsen, Kate Holbrook, and Matthew J. Grow, eds., The First Fifty Years of Relief Society: Key Documents in Latter-day Saint Women’s History (Salt Lake City: Church Historian’s Press, 2016), 589–617.

9. Holzapfel and Holzapfel, eds., A Woman’s View, ix–xii; Charles M. Hatch and Todd M. Compton, A Widow’s Tale: 1884–1896 Diary of Helen Mar Kimball Whitney (Logan: Utah State University Press, 2003). Tagai foi i Autu: Emmeline B. Wells, Church Periodicals.

10. Holzapfel and Holzapfel, eds., A Woman’s View, xxv–xliii. Tagai foi Helen Mar Kimball Whitney, Plural Marriage as Taught by the Prophet Joseph: A Reply to Joseph Smith, Editor of the Lamoni (Iowa) “Herald” (Salt Lake City: Juvenile Instructor Office, 1882); Helen Mar Kimball Whitney, Why We Practice Plural Marriage (Salt Lake City: Juvenile Instructor Office, 1884).

11. Whitney, “Early Reminiscences,” 188.