Uluai Faifeautalai

E oo lava ae lei faatulagaina le Ekalesia i le 1830, na poloaiina e le Alii le Au Paia o Aso e Gata Ai ina ia avatu le talalelei i le lalolagi. Na amata le galuega faafaifeautalai ao lolomiina pea le Tusi a Mamona, ma na faateteleina le faamanuiaina i le taimi o le soifuaga o Iosefa Samita. O uluai misiona sa masani lava o ni taumafaiga pupuu na faataunuuina e le au toeaina faatoa faauuina i se taimi na mafai ona latou faaavanoaina. Na auina atu e Iosefa Samita faifeautalai i le salafa o le Iunaite Setete, Kanata, Egelani, ma le Pasefika. Ao faapotopoto le Au Paia o Aso e Gata Ai i Amerika i Sisifo i le 1840 ma le 1850, na latou liliu atu lo latou gauai i taumafaiga o le faatulagaina o o latou aiga i ni nuu fou, ma o le toatele o e na mananao e auauna atu faamisiona na maua valaauga ina ia nofoia nuu fou nai lo le talai atu. E ui i lea, na uunaia e Polika Iaga le misiona talai ma na tofia sui o le Korama a Aposetolo e Toasefululua e vaaia misiona i vaega taitasi o le lalolagi, ma na ia auina atu i latou e tatala nei eria mo le galuega faafaifeautalai. I le 1860, o misiona pupuu o uluai tausaga na atiina ae ini misiona na sili atu le faatulagaina ma na lagolagoina malaga talai, ae maise lava i Europa ma le Pasefika.

ata vali o Dan Jones o loo uuina le Tusi a Mamona, ao tu i luga o le pa maa ma talai atu i tagata

Ata a le Tusiata o le uluai faifeautalai o Dan Jones o loo talai i Uelese.

Misiona Muamua

O aiga ma uo a Iosefa Samita na fiafia e faasoa atu le Tusi a Mamona e oo lava ae lei uma ona ia faaliliuina.¹ Ina ua uma ona lolomiina itulau muamua, na talai atu loa alii e pei o Solomona Chamberlin e faaaoga ai itulau ua faamaonia ma faaliliuina.² O Samuelu Haresoni Samita, le uso o Iosefa, na malaga i se misiona talai ae faatoa uma lava le fono na faatulaga ai le Ekalesia. Na ia amoina se taga o kopi o le Tusi a Mamona e faatau atu. O faifeautalai e pei o Samuelu Samita na faia ni fonotaga i fale o aiga, po o faatasiga laiti i aiga, lea na latou lauga atu ai e uiga i le Tusi a Mamona ma le toefuataiga i aso e gata ai.³ Na faasoa uma atu lava e alii ma tamaitai le talalelei i ni ala e le aloaia i a latou uo ma tuaoi, i le talanoa i ai po o tusi foi.⁴

O tagata muamua o le Ekalesia na auai i le aveina atu o le Tusi a Mamona i Initia Amerika.⁵ O se faaaliga i le 1830 na valaaulia ai Oliva Kaotui ma ni soa se toatolu i se misiona i “sa Lamana.” Na latou malaga atu i le teritori o Initia Amerika i tua atu o tuaoi i sisifo o Misuri. E ui lava o tulaga faaletulafono ma faalemalo i lena taimi na taofia ai le vaega mai le talai faalauaitele i nuu o Initia Amerika, na faamanuiaina i latou i Katelani, Ohaio. I totonu o ni vaiaso talu lo latou taunuu atu i Katelani, na latou papatisoina ai le fia taseni o tagata. Na vave lava ona olioli le Ekalesia i se nuu malosi o tagata fou liliu mai i Katelani, o le toatele o i latou na auauna atu i latou lava i ni misiona pupuu.⁶

O Auala ma le Savali

O uluai faifeautalai na amata a latou malaga talai i o latou lava aiga ona o atu ai lea e faatau atu pe ofoina atu kopi o le Tusi a Mamona ia i latou uma lava o le a taliaina. Na tuuina atu le Tusi a Mamona o se faamaoniga o le valaauga o Iosefa Samita ina ia toefuatai le Ekalesia a Keriso. Na vave ona amata ona tusia e faifeautalai ni tamai tusi (tamai tusi ua tusia mo le talaiga e faasalalau atu ai le upu o le toefuataiga o le talalelei). O la latou savali na totonugalemu i le toefuataiga o le Ekalesia anamua a Keriso, le taua o meaalofa faaleagaga o se faamaoniga o le faatuatua moni, ma le faapotopotoina o agaga salamo e saunia ai mo le Afio Faalua Mai o Iesu Keriso.

O se tasi o faaaliga muamua a Iosefa Samita i Katelani i le 1831 na faatonuina ai faifeautalai e malaga “tai toalua,” ma o valaauga faamisiona na masani lava ona tuuina atu i soa ia auauna atu i ni eria faapitoa.⁷ O le toatele o uluai faifeautalai na maua o latou valaauga e ala mai i faaaliga na maua e Iosefa Samita. O nei faaaliga na toe ta’ua ai faatonuga na tuuina atu e Iesu Keriso i Ona soo anamua—e tatau ona latou malaga e aunoa ma se “atotupe po o se ete” ma “lulu ese efuefu” o o latou vae ao latou tuua se taulaga na teena i latou.⁸ Ina ia malaga e “aunoa ma se atotupe po o se ete” o lona uiga aua nei avea se atotupe po o se tupe, ae, e pei ona masani ai i lena taimi, ia fesili atu i tagata faalogologo mo se potu ma se meaai le tumau. Pe a feiloai faifeautalai ma ni tagata e matua’ia lava le teenaina, latou te lulu ese efuefu o o latou vae o se faailoga na latou molimau atu ma agai pea i luma. Ao faaleleia le faatulagaina o misiona ma ua faatuina paranesi i le tele o eria i le faaiuga o le 1800, na faaitiitia le i ai o nei faatinoga. Na seasea lava ona tuua e faifeautalai eria na faatulagaina, ma na latou faia ni osigataulaga tautupe ae lei tuua e fesoasoani e faatupe ai a latou lava misiona.⁹

Misiona a Aposetolo e Toasefululua

Na vaaia e Aposetolo fonotaga i le taimi o a latou malaga faamisiona, ma i totonu o ni nai tausaga, na faatuina ai paranesi o le Ekalesia i le salafa o le Iunaite Setete i sasae ma Kanata. O nisi o galuega muamua na tuuina atu e Iosefa i Aposetolo ina ua ia faatulagaina le Korama a le Toasefululua i le 1835 o le faatulagaina lea o nei paranesi ma faatautaia le faapotopotoina faaletino o tagata liliu mai i Siona.¹⁰ I lalo o le taitaiga a Iosefa, na amata ai loa ona pule faamalumalu le Toasefululua i le galuega faafaifeautalai atoa lava.

O le misiona a Peretania, na faatuina e le Korama a le Toasefululua i le faaiuga o le 1830 ma le amataga o le 1840, sa o se totonugalemu malosi o le tuputupu ae o le Ekalesia. Na taunuu le misiona i le fiaafe o papatisoga ma na lagolagoina le malaga mai o le toatele o tagata i nofoaga o le faapotopotoina e pei o Navu, Ilinoi. I Peretania, na galulue le Toasefululua e faamalosia paranesi ma konafesi (vaega o paranesi). Faatasi ai ma isi faifeautalai, na latou taamilo i Peretania Tele, ma talai atu le talalelei ma saunia tagata liliu mai ia malaga atu i Amerika. Ina ua amata ona nonofo le uluai Au Paia o Aso e Gata Ai i le Vanu Tele [Sate Leki], o se vaega tele lava, o tagata liliu mai mai le Misiona a Peretania.¹¹

Na faatulaga e le Au Paia i Peretania ni sosaiete e tufa atua tamaitusi i le 1850, ma o alii faapea ma tamaitai na tufatufa atua tamaitusi e faamatala ai talitonuga o le Au Paia o Aso e Gata Ai. Na faapitoa lava la faamanuiaina o tamaitai i lenei taumafaiga ma na avea, i se isi tulaga, ma uluai faifeautalai tamaitai, ae o lenei vaega sa mamao lava ae lei mauaina e tamaitai ni valaauga aloaia faamisiona.¹²

Uluai Fuafuaga mo Misiona i le Lalolagi Atoa

I le 1842, na tusi ai Iosefa Samita e faapea o faifeautalai ua faatuina “le tulaga o le upumoni” i “Siamani, Palesitina, Niu Holani [Ausetalia], o Indies i Sasae, ma isi nofoaga.”¹³ O misiona i nei eria ma isi na fuafuaina, ae e lei oo atu i ai faifeautalai pe faatuina foi ni paranesi mautu i nei nofoaga. E ui lava i ni nai taumafaiga e faatuina ni misiona i fafo o le Iunaite Setete ma Europa i le taimi o le soifuaga o Iosefa Samita sa lei faamanuiaina tele, ae o le tele o nei fuafuaga lelei na tumau pea le le faataunuuina seia oo i le 1850.

O Orson Hyde, o se sui o le Korama a Aposetolo e Toasefululua, na malaga i Ierusalema e faapaia le Nuu Paia mo le toe foi mai o Iutaia, e ui na te lei faatuina se misiona tumau iina.¹⁴ Na amata i le 1850, ona avea le malosi o le misiona i Tenimaka o se faitotoa i misiona fou i Finilani, Suetena, Nouei, ma Aisalani. O Addison Palate, lea na taitai i misiona muamua i le Pasefika, na faatuina se paranesi i Tahiti, ma o lona faletua, o Luisa Barnes Palate, na galulue ma Karoline Crosby ma isi faifeautalai e amata se aoga mo tamaiti ma aoao atu galuega taulima i le fale i fafine o le motu.¹⁵ O misiona i le amataga o le 1850 i Saina, Initia, Chile, Farani, Italia, ma Aferika i Saute na taunuu i se aofai itiiti o tagata liliu mai, o le toatele lava na toe o ese mai le Ekalesia pe na malaga atu i Iuta. O le tele o nei nofoaga sa tatau ona faatali mo le fia sefulu tausaga ae lei oo mai ni faifeautalai tumau ma na faatuina ai ni paranesi.

Galuega Faafaifeautalai i le Ogatotonu o le Seneturi 19

O faifeautalai i le ogatotonu o le seneturi 19 na masani lava o alii ua faaipoipo i o latou tai 30 po o le 40 tausaga. Na masani lava ona valaaulia i latou i sauniga konafesi ma na tele lava ina tuua o latou faletua, fanau, ma tulaga tau pisinisi ae auauna atu mo le tasi i le tolu tausaga. O tausaga o faifeautalai ma le umi o la latou auaunaga na eseese lava, ma o faifeautalai na tele lava ina latou filifilia lava la latou aso e uma ai. Sa i ai lava ni tamaitai na faatasi atu ma o latou taitoalua. E masani lava o nei tamaitai o faletua o peresitene o misiona po o isi faifeautalai o e valaaulia i ni nofoaga mamao mo ni vaitaimi uumi lava. Na masani lava ona faauuina faifeautalai i le tofi o le Fitugafulu i le Perisitua Mekisateko ma na masani ona valaaulia e auauna atu i misiona i o latou lava atunuu po o nuu o o latou matua. O le Misiona a Peretania sa avea ma misiona e sili le tele i le tulaga i le aofai o faifeautalai a tagata liliu mai, ae o misiona i le Iunaite Setete na faatumauina le faatupulaia mulimuli ane i le 1800.

Taofia le Tumau le Galuega Faafaifeautalai

E sefulu tausaga talu ona taunuu le Au Paia i le Vanu o Sate Leki, ae tulai mai le feteenaiga i le va o le Ekalesia ma le malo o le Iunaite Setete. O le Taua a Iuta i le 1857-58 na taitai atu i le taofia le tumau o le galuega faafaifeautalai lea na oo atu i le 1860. Na faaauau taumafaiga faaletalaiga i Peretania ma Europa i sisifo ae na faaitiitia i le Iunaite Setete ma isi nofoaga. Na pau i lalo le evaresi o le umi o se misiona i le itiiti ifo ma se tausaga. E oo lava ina ua uma lenei taofiga, na faaitiitia lava le tuputupu ae o le galuega faafaifeautalai ao feagai faifeautalai ma le tetee o tagata i le faatinoga o autaunonofo a le Au Paia. E ui lava i lea, na faaauau pea e taitai o le Ekalesia ona faatulaga misiona ma ni tuaoi faatulagaina tumau ma peresitene o misiona ma le valaau i le faateleina o alii e talavou atu (ma na iu lava ina valaaulia tamaitai) o ni faifeautalai i le taimi atoa ina ia faamalieina ai le manaomia mo faifeautalai i le lalolagi atoa.¹⁶

Punaoa o le Ekalesia

“Go Ye into All the World”: Early Mormon Missionaries, 1830–1930, history.lds.org.

Joseph B. Wirthlin, “The Book of Mormon: The Heart of Missionary Proselyting,” Ensign, Sept. 2002, 13–17.

Lisa Olsen Tait, “‘I Quit Other Business’: Early Missionaries: DC 42, 75, 79, 80, 84, 99,” i le Matthew McBride and James Goldberg, eds., Revelations in Context: The Stories behind the Sections of the Doctrine and Covenants (Salt Lake City: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 2016), 84–92.

Elizabeth Maki, “‘I Am on a Foreign Mission’: The First Woman to Serve a Mission without Her Husband,” Women of Conviction series, July 5, 2012, history.lds.org.

Talaaga o le Soifuaga

O lomiga nei o loo tuuina atu ai nisi faamatalaga e uiga i lenei autu. I le faasinoina po o le fesootaia o oe i nei punaoa, matou te le faamaonia pe faamautinoa atu le anomea po o manatu o tusitala.

Reid L. Neilson, “Mormon Mission Work,” i le Terryl L. Givens and Philip L. Barlow, eds., The Oxford Handbook of Mormonism (New York: Oxford University Press, 2015), 182–95.

David J. Whittaker, “Early Missions, 1831–1844,” and “Missions of the 19th Century, 1849–1890,” i le Brandon S. Plewe, ed., Mapping Mormonism: An Atlas of Latter-day Saint History (Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University Press, 2012), 40–43, 94–95.

James B. Allen, Ronald K. Esplin, and David J. Whittaker, Men with a Mission: The Quorum of the Twelve Apostles in the British Isles, 1837–1841 (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 1992).

Mormon Missionary Diaries, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; lib.byu.edu.

Faamatalaga

1. “Revelation, February 1829 [DC 4],” josephsmithpapers.org; “Revelation, May 1829–A [DC 11],” i le Book of Commandments, 28–30, josephsmithpapers.org; “Revelation, June 1829–C [DC 15],” i le Book of Commandments, 33, josephsmithpapers.org; “Revelation, June 1829–D [DC 16],” i le Book of Commandments, 34, josephsmithpapers.org.

2. Larry C. Porter, “Solomon Chamberlain—Uluai Misionare,” BYU Studies, vol. 12, no. 3 (1972), 314–18. Na matauina e Porter, ‘I tusitusiga uma lava a Chamberlin lava ia, e sipelaina lona igoa ‘Chamberlin.’ Na mulimuli ane sipelaina e tagata o le aiga le igoa ‘Chamberlain’” (Larry C. Porter, “Solomon Chamberlin’s Missing Pamphlet: Dreams, Visions, and Angelic Ministrants,” BYU Studies, vol. 37, no. 2 [1997–98], 125, note 1).

3. Lusi Maki Samita, “Lucy Mack Smith, History, 1845,” 169–72, josephsmithpapers.org; Steven C. Harper, “Missionaries in the American Religious Marketplace: Mormon Proselyting in the 1830s,” Journal of Mormon History, vol. 24, no. 2 (Fall 1998), 14. O fesootaiga masani i le “cottage meetings” o loo tusia i api talaaga a faifeautalai ma lipoti mai le vaitaimi; tagai Missionary Reports 1831–1900, Church History Library, Salt Lake City; Mormon Missionary Diaries, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; lib.byu.edu.

4. Tagai Janiece L. Johnson, “‘Give It All Up and Follow Your Lord’: Mormon Female Religiosity, 1831–1843” (master’s thesis, Brigham Young University, 2001).

5. Tagai Richard Dilworth Rust, “A Mission to the Lamanites,” i le Matthew McBride and James Goldberg, eds., Revelations in Context: The Stories behind the Sections of the Doctrine and Covenants (Salt Lake City: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 2016), 45–49.

6. Grant Underwood, “The Mission to the Lamanites,” i le Susan Easton Black and Andrew C. Skinner, eds., Joseph: Exploring the Life and Ministry of the Prophet (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 2005), 144–55; Richard Lloyd Anderson, “The Impact of the First Preaching in Ohio,” BYU Studies, vol. 11, no. 4 (1971), 474–96.

7. “Revelation, 9 February 1831 [DC 42:1–72],” josephsmithpapers.org; “Revelation, 25 January 1832–B [DC 75:23–36],” josephsmithpapers.org.

8. “Revelation, July 1830–A [DC 24],” i le Revelation Book 1, 32–34, josephsmithpapers.org; “Revelation, 8 August 1831 [DC 60],” i le Revelation Book 1, 100–101, josephsmithpapers.org; “Revelation, 25 January 1832–A [DC 75:1–22],” josephsmithpapers.org; “Revelation, 22–23 September 1832 [DC 84],” josephsmithpapers.org; “Revelation, 29 August 1832 [DC 99],” in Revelation Book 2, 19–20, josephsmithpapers.org.

9. I le 1915, na aoao mai ai Elder James E. Talmage faapea o le lulu eseina o efuefu o vae e “faatoa faaaoga i lalo o ni tulaga e tulaga ese ma ogaoga pe a faatonuina e le Agaga o le Alii” (James E. Talmage, Jesus the Christ [Salt Lake City: Deseret News Press, 1915], 345–46). E le o toe lulu eseina e faifeautalai efuefu mai o latou vae sei vagana ua faatagaina e la latou peresitene o le misiona.

10. “Record of the Twelve, 14 February–28 August 1835,” 4–7, josephsmithpapers.org.

11. Mo se talafaasolopito o le misiona a Aposetolo e Toasefululua i Peretania Tele, tagai James B. Allen, Ronald K. Esplin, and David J. Whittaker, Men with a Mission: The Quorum of the Twelve Apostles in the British Isles, 1837–1841 (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 1992).

12. Elizabeth Maki, “‘A Great Missionary Power’: Women Shared the Gospel Long before Receiving Mission Calls,” Women of Conviction series, July 1, 2012, history.lds.org.

13. Iosefa Samita, “Church History,” Times and Seasons, vol. 3, no. 9 (Mar. 1, 1842), 709, josephsmithpapers.org.

14. Tagai “Dedication of the Holy Land,” Church History Topics.

15. R. Lanier Britsch, “Beginnings in French Polynesia and Hawaii,” i le Donald Q. Cannon and Richard O. Cowan, eds., Unto Every Nation: Gospel Light Reaches Every Land (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 2003), 139–49.

16. David J. Whittaker, “Missions of the 19th Century, 1849–1890,” i le Brandon S. Plewe, ed., Mapping Mormonism: An Atlas of Latter-day Saint History (Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University Press, 2012), 94–95; David J. Whittaker, “Mormon Missionary Work: A Brief History and Introduction,” Mormon Missionary Diaries; “Women with a Mission: Stories of Early Sister Missionaries,” Women of Conviction series, Feb. 14, 2017, history.lds.org.