Faaitiitia o le Faaalu Tupe

Ao latalata ina mae’a le auala nofoaafi faalevaomalo o Amerika i Matu i le faaiuga o le vaitau o le 1860, na popole taitai o le Ekalesia i le ala o le a aafia ai olaga faaleagaga ma faaletamaoaiga o paionia o le Au Paia o Aso e Gata Ai i Iuta.¹ I le taimi o se malaga taamilo i afioaga i Iuta i saute, na popole Polika Iaga ona o nisi o tagata o le Ekalesia na ola soonafai, ma faamaumauina punaoa na tau le maua, ma galo ai faamoemoega o Siona. Na ia faaleoina ona popolega ia Mary Isabella Horne, o lē na ia tofia e taitaia se taumafaiga o le “faaitiitia o le faaalu tupe” e uunaia ai tamaitai ia sili atu ona ola fuafua lelei i meaai ma lavalava, atinae ni galuega i le fale, saili le ola tutoatasi i mea tautupe, ma faateleina gaoioiga faalelotu.² O le faaupuga faaitiitia o le faaalu tupe e faapitoa lava i le faaitiitia o tupe faaalu.³ Mo se faataitaiga, o se faiaoga lauiloa, o Catharine Beecher, na aoaoina tamaitai talavou ia faaitiitia le faaalu o tupe i mea e le manaomia, o se vaega o le faatumauina o se aiga ua lelei le tulaga tautupe.⁴

Mary Isabella Horne

Atatosi o Mary Isabella Horne, le uluai taitai o le polokalama o le faaitiitia o le faaalu tupe.

Na fesoasoani i ai Eliza R. Snow, na faatuina ai e Mary Isabella Horne le Sosaiete Tuufaatasi a Tamaitai o le Faaitiitia o le Faaalu Tupe i le aso 10 o Fepuari, 1870. Na faalaumuaina le faalapotopotoga i le Aai o Sate Leki, ae na taamilo taitai tamaitai i le Teritori o Iuta e aoao tamaitai e uiga i mataupu faavae o le faaitiitia o le faaalu tupe. O le polokalama na faatasia ai nuu ma lagolagoina faamoemoega o le faaitiitia o le faaalu tupe ma fesootai ai Aualofa a uarota o le lotoifale i le eria atoa lava.⁵

Na valaau atu foi Polika Iaga i ona afafine ia faia se faataitaiga o le faaitiitia o tupe mo tamaitai talavou o le Au Paia o Aso e Gata Ai. Sa tusia e Eliza R. Snow faamoemoega mo le uunaia o ofu faigofie ma taugofie. Na palota afafine o Iaga e taliaina na faamoemoega ma faia se Sosaiete Tuufaatasi o le Matagaluega a Tamaitai Talavou o le Faaitiitia o Tupe.⁶ Na faia foi nisi vaega o le faaitiitia o le faaalu tupe a le aulaiti ma na taitaia e le Sosaiete Tuufaatasi a Tamaitai Matutua o le Faaitiitia o le Faaalu Tupe. I totonu o ni nai tausaga, na taitai atu le Matagaluega a Tamaitai Talavou i le faatuina o le Sosaiete o le Mutuale a Tamatai Talavou, o se polokalama mo tamaitai talavou i le lalolagi atoa lava.⁷ O le Sosaiete o le Faaitiitia o le Faaalu Tupe a Tamaitai Matutua na faaauau pea i lalo o ni igoa eseese seia oo i le 1904.⁸

Punaoa o le Ekalesia

“Part 3: 1867–1879,” i le Jill Mulvay Derr, Carol Cornwall Madsen, Kate Holbrook, and Matthew J. Grow, eds., The First Fifty Years of Relief Society: Key Documents in Latter-day Saint Women’s History (Salt Lake City: Church Historian’s Press, 2016), 240–42.

“Minutes of the Senior and Junior Co-operative Retrenchment Association, 1870–1880,” Church History Library, Salt Lake City.

Talaaga o le Soifuaga

O loo tuuina atu i lomiga nei nisi faamatalaga e uiga i lenei autu. O le faasino po o lou fesootai atu i lenei punaoa, matou te le faamaonia pe faamautinoaina ia anomea po o manatu o le tusitala.

Natalie Kaye Rose, “From Retrenchment to Improvement, 1869–1890: Creating Intergenerational Conversation and a Girl’s Culture in Mormonism,” i le “‘Our Utah Girls’: Girls and Young Women in the Transitional Mormon Church” (PhD diss., Michigan State University, 2016), 27–68.

Autu Fesootai: Brigham Young, Eliza R. Snow, Pioneer Settlements, Railroad, Relief Society, Young Women Organizations, Young Men Organizations

Faamatalaga

1. Tagai i le Autu: Auala Nofoaafi.

2. John Grimshaw, “Remarks by President Brigham Young Delivered in the Tabernacle, on Sunday Afternoon, Nov. 14, 1869,” Deseret News, Nov. 24, 1869, 496.

3. Noah Webster, An American Dictionary of the English Language, revised by Chauncey A. Goodrich and Noah Porter (Springfield, Mass.: G&C Merriam, 1865), 1131.

4. Catherine [Catharine] E. Beecher, A Treatise on Domestic Economy, for the Use of Young Ladies at Home, and at School, rev. ed. (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1848), 256–57.

5. “Ladies’ Cooperative Retrenchment Meeting, Minutes, February 19, 1870: Introduction,” i le Jill Mulvay Derr, Carol Cornwall Madsen, Kate Holbrook, and Matthew J. Grow, eds., The First Fifty Years of Relief Society: Key Documents in Latter-day Saint Women’s History (Salt Lake City: Church Historian’s Press: 2016), 343–44.

6. “Young Ladies’ Department of the Ladies’ Cooperative Retrenchment Association, Resolutions, May 27, 1870: Introduction,” i le The First Fifty Years of Relief Society, 353–54.

7. Tagai Autu: Faalapotopotoga a Tamaitai Talavou.

8. “General Retrenchment Meetings,” Woman’s Exponent, vol. 33, no. 2 (July 1904), 15.