Ngaahi saliote toho tangata

Naʻe meimei ke fononga ʻa e kau paionia ʻo e Siasí ki he Teleʻa Sōlekí ʻi ha ʻū saliote ʻo ngata ʻi he kongaloto ʻo e 1850 tupú, ʻi he taimi ne hanga ai ʻe he fie maʻu ʻo ha founga fefonongaʻaki ʻoku siʻi ange ai e fakamolé pea toe faingofua angé ʻo fakalotoʻi ʻa Pilikihami ʻIongi ke fekau ki he kau takí ke nau fokotuʻutuʻu ha ngaahi kulupu saliote toho tangata. Naʻe ʻikai ke toe fakaʻaongaʻi ʻa e ʻū saliote naʻe angamaheni ʻaki hono toho ʻe he pulú, ka naʻe toho leva ʻe he kau paionia toho salioté ʻa e ʻū saliote papá. Naʻe siʻisiʻi ange hono totongi ʻa e ʻū saliote toho ʻe he tangatá, pea naʻe vave ange ʻene fonongá ʻi he ngaahi kulupu saliote ne toho ʻe he pulú.

Kau Paionia Toho Salioté, tā ʻa Minverva Teichert

Fakatātā ʻo e kau paionia toho salioté tā ʻa Minerva Teichert.

Naʻe kamata ʻa e fononga saliote toho tangatá ʻi he 1856 pea naʻe hokohoko atu ʻi he 1860. Naʻe fakahoko ʻe he Kautaha Paʻanga Tokoni Hikifonua Tuʻu Maʻú (PTHT) ha ngaahi nō ke tokoniʻi ʻa kinautolu naʻe ʻikai ke nau lava ʻo maʻu ha paʻanga feʻunga ki he fonongá. Ko e kulupu pē ʻe 10 mei he kulupu hikifonua ʻe 350 tupu ʻo e Kāingalotu ʻo e Siasí ne nau fononga ʻo fakaʻaongaʻi e saliote toho tangatá.¹

Ko e tokolahi taha ʻo e ngaahi kulupu saliote toho tangatá naʻa nau fononga ʻo ʻikai hoko ha palopalema lalahi. Ka ko e ongo kulupu naʻe taki ʻe Sēmisi G. Uili mo ʻEtuate Mātení, ʻoku manatua kinautolu ʻe he Kāingalotu ʻo e Siasí koeʻuhí ko ʻenau fononga tōmui fakamamahi ʻi he konga kimui ʻo e faʻahitaʻú. ʻI he 1856 ne hanga ʻe he ngaahi matangi ʻo e faʻahitaʻu momokó ʻo taʻofi e ongo kulupu ʻa Uili mo Mātení, fakataha mo e ongo kulupu saliote ʻa Hani mo e Hotisetí, ʻi he feituʻu tokalelei ʻoku ui he ʻahó ni ko Uaiōmingí. Naʻe ofi ki ha kakai ʻe toko 1,500 ne nau fihia ʻi he halá, ko e toko 250 ʻo kinautolu naʻa nau mate ko e tupu mei he ongosiá, mokosiá, pea mo e fiekaiá. Naʻe lauiafe tupu ʻa e kāingalotu ʻo e Siasí ʻi ʻIutā ne nau feinga tokoni ke ʻave ha meʻakai mo ha naunau tokoni, pea naʻe toko 300 tupu e kau fakahaofi moʻui ne nau feilaulauʻi ʻenau moʻuí ke fakafetaulakiʻi e ngaahi kulupú ʻi honau halangá pea tokoniʻi kinautolu ke nau aʻu ki he Teleʻa Sōlekí, ʻo fakahaofi ai ha kakai ʻe toko 1,200 tupu. Neongo naʻe fakalahiʻi ha niʻihi ʻo e ngaahi talanoa kau ki he fakahaofi moʻuí mo e ngaahi meʻa ne hoko kimui aí,² ka kuo fakalotoa ʻe he fakahaofi moʻuí ni ha ngaahi toʻu tangata ʻo e Kāingalotu ʻo e Siasí koeʻuhí ko e fakavave ʻa e Kāingalotú ke fai ha tokoní, ko e loto fiemālie ʻa e kau fakahaofi moʻui loto-toʻá ke fili ʻa e faingataʻá, pea mo e tokoni mo e ʻofa ʻa e koló ki he niʻihi ne hao moʻuí.

ʻI hono fakafehoanaki ʻa e meʻa naʻe hoko ki he kulupu ʻa Uili mo e Mātení, naʻe siʻi ange e kakai ne mālōlō ʻi he kulupu saliote toho tangatá ʻi he niʻihi ne mālōlō ʻi he kulupu saliote toho ʻe he pulú, pea naʻe hokohoko atu ʻe he kau pule ʻo e PTHT ke tokoniʻi ʻa e fefonongaʻaki saliote toho tangatá. ʻI he aʻu ki he 1860, ne fakafuofua ki ha kau paionia toho saliote ʻe 3,000 nai ne nau lavaʻi lelei ʻa e fonongá.

Ngaahi Maʻuʻanga Tokoni ʻa e Siasí

Paul H. Peterson, “They Came by Handcart,” Ensign, ʻAokosi 1997, 30–37.

“Wyoming Historic Sites,” Historic Sites, history.ChurchofJesusChrist.org.

Maʻuʻanga Fakamatalá

ʻOku ʻomai ʻe he pulusinga ko ʻení ha toe fakamatala lahi ange fekauʻaki mo e tefito ko ʻení. ʻI hono tuku atu pe fakafehokotaki kimoutolu ki he ngaahi maʻuʻanga tokoni ko ʻení, ʻoku ʻikai ke mau poupouʻi pe fakakapapauʻi atu e kanotohí pe ngaahi fakakaukau ʻa e kau faʻu tohí.

Andrew D. Olsen, The Price We Paid: The Extraordinary Story of the Willie and Martin Handcart Pioneers (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 2006).

LeRoy R. Hafen and Ann W. Hafen, Handcarts to Zion: The Story of a Unique Western Migration, 1856–1860 (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1992).

Maʻuʻanga fakamatalá

1. Vakai “Full Company List,” Mormon Pioneer Overland Travel database, history.ChurchofJesusChrist.org. Vakai ki he Ongo Tefito: Hikifonua Maí, Pioneer Trek.

2. ʻOku ngali ne fakalahiʻi e tukufakaholo manakoa ʻo e kau fakahaofi moʻui kei talavou ʻe toko tolu ne nau ʻave ha kulupu kakato ʻo kolosi ʻi he Vaitafe Vaimelié, ʻo nau mate koeʻuhí ko ha ola ʻo e fakahaofí, pea talaʻofa ange ʻa e moʻui taʻengatá ʻo makatuʻunga ʻi he foʻi ngāue pē ʻe taha ko iá. Vakai Chad M. Orton, “The Martin Handcart Company at the Sweetwater: Another Look,” BYU Studies, vol. 45, no. 3 (2006), 5–37.