Pīsopé

Naʻe maʻu ʻe Siosefa Sāmita ha fakahā ʻi he ʻaho  4 ʻo Fēpueli 1831, ʻo ne fili ai ʻa ʻEtuate Pātilisi ko e fuofua pīsope ʻo e Siasí.¹ Hili ha ngaahi ʻaho siʻi mei hono filí, naʻe toe ʻomi ha fakahā kia Siosefa Sāmita ʻo fakamatalaʻi ai ko e fatongia ʻo e pīsopé ke tokangaʻi ʻa hono fakahoko ʻo e fono ʻo e fakatapuí, ne toki fakahā foʻou maí. Fakatatau mo e fakahaá, ʻe maʻu ʻe he pīsopé ha ngaahi koloa kuo fakatapui mei he kāingalotu ʻo e Siasí, pea ke ne tokangaʻi e koloa ko iá koeʻuhí ko e masivá pea mo fakatau mai ha ʻū konga kelekele ʻi Saione.² ʻI Siulai 1831, naʻe fakahinohinoʻi mai ai ʻa Pīsope Pātilisi ʻi ha fakahā ke ne hiki ki he Vahefonua Siakisoni, Mīsulí pea te ne lava ʻo fakatau mai ai ha konga kelekele ʻo vahevahe ia ki ha fanga kiʻi ʻapi pe tofiʻa, maʻá e Kāingalotu ʻoku nau moʻui ʻaki e fono ʻo e fakatapuí.³

portrait of Edward Partridge

Ko ʻEtuate Pātilisi, ko e fuofua pīsope ʻo e Siasí.

Naʻe toe fakaikiiki mai ʻi ha fakahā kia Siosefa Sāmita ʻi Nōvema ʻo e 1831, ʻa e ngaahi fatongia ʻo e pīsopé: te ne tokangaʻi e “ngaahi meʻa fakatuʻasino kotoa pē” ʻi he Siasí pea te ne hoko foki ko ha “fakamaau ʻi ʻIsileli.”⁴ Hili ha ngaahi māhina siʻi mei ai, naʻe toe maʻu ʻe Siosefa Sāmita ha fakahā kehe ʻo toe fakamamafaʻi mai ai ʻe hanga ʻe he pīsopé ʻo “fua ʻa e lakanga ʻo e fakamāú,” tokangaʻi hono fakahoko e fono ʻo e fakatapuí pea taliui ki he ʻOtuá ʻi he founga ʻo ʻene fakahoko hono ngaahi fatongiá.⁵

ʻI he 1835, naʻe toe fakafoʻou ai ʻe Siosefa Sāmita ʻi ha ueʻi fakalaumālie, ʻa e ongo fakahā kimuʻá ke fakamahino e tuʻunga mo e ngaahi fatongia ʻo ha pīsope. Naʻá ne fakamatalaʻi, “kapau ko e hako totonu ʻa kinautolu ʻo ʻĒlone, ʻoku ʻi ai ʻenau totonu fakalao ki he lakanga fakapīsopé, ʻo kapau ko e ʻuluaki fānau ʻa kinautou ʻi he ngaahi foha ʻo ʻĒloné” Ka ʻikai, ʻe ui ha taulaʻeiki lahi ke ne fua ʻa e fatongiá.⁶ ʻIkai ngata aí, naʻe fakamaʻalaʻala mai ʻe Siosefa Sāmita, ko e pīsopé ko e palesiteni ia ʻo e Lakanga Taulaʻeiki Faka-ʻĒloné pea ko e palesiteni foki ia ʻo e kōlomu ʻo e kau taulaʻeikí.⁷

Koeʻuhí naʻe ʻikai ke ʻi ʻOhaiō ʻa Pātilisi hili ʻa Siulai 1831, naʻe fokotuʻu leva ʻa Niueli K. Uitenī ʻi he fakahā ʻi Tīsema ʻo e 1831, ke ne hoko ko e pīsope ʻi ʻOhaioó. Naʻe hokohoko atu pē e ngāue fakapīsope ʻa Pātilisi mo Uitenī ʻi Mīsuli mo ʻOhaioó, pea ko e ongo pīsope pē ia ʻi he Siasí, ʻo aʻu ki he taimi naʻe fokotuʻu ai ha siteiki ʻi ʻĀtama-ʻOnitai-ʻĀmani ʻi Mīsuli ʻi he 1838 pea uiuiʻi ʻa Vinisoni Naiti ke ne hoko ko ha pīsope.⁸

ʻI he taimi naʻe nofoʻi ai ʻe he Kāingalotú ʻa Nāvū, ʻIlinoisí, naʻe fili kotoa ʻa Pātilisi, Uitenī pea mo Naiti ko e kau pīsope: ʻo nau taki taha pē ʻa e ngaahi uooti fakapolitikale ʻe tolu ʻi he feituʻú. Naʻe ui mo ha kau pīsope kehe ʻi he ngaahi siteiki naʻe fokotuʻu foʻou ʻi ʻIlinoisi mo e Vahefonua ʻAiouaá, pea naʻe ui mo ha kau pīsope ki he ngaahi haʻofanga lotu ʻo e Siasí ʻi ha ngaahi feituʻu hangē ko Filetelifiá. ʻI ʻAokosi 1842, naʻe vahevahe ai ʻe he aleaʻanga māʻolunga ʻo Nāvuú ʻa Nāvū ki ha ngaahi uooti fakasiasi ʻe 13 pea fili mo ha kau pīsope ke nau tokangaʻi e uooti takitaha.⁹ ʻI ʻEpeleli 1847, naʻe hikinimaʻi ai ʻa Uitenī ko e Pīsope Pule ʻo e Siasí, ko ha lakanga naʻe hokohoko atu talu mei ai.¹⁰

Hili e tūʻuta e Kāingalotú ki he Teleʻa Ano Māsimá, naʻe vahevahe leva ʻe he kau taki ʻo e Siasí ʻa e komiunitií ki ha ngaahi uooti ʻe 19  pea mo ha pīsope ʻe taha ki he uooti takitaha. ʻI he tupulaki ʻa Sōleki Siti mo fokotuʻu ha ngaahi komiunitií, naʻe toe faʻu ai mo ha ngaahi uooti kehe pea ʻai mo ha pīsope ke ne tokangaʻi e uooti takitaha. Naʻe hoko e kau pīsopé ni ko e ʻōfisa fakasiasi pule ʻo e uooti takitaha, ke ne tokangaʻi ʻa hono tānaki ʻo e vahehongofulú mo e ngaahi foaki kehé, fakahoko e ngaahi fakataha ʻo e Sāpaté pea mo uiuiʻi e kāingalotu ʻo e uōtí ki ha ngaahi fatongia kehekehe. Hangē ko e kau pīsope ʻi muʻá, naʻe ʻi ai hano ongo tokoni ke tokoni ki ai.

Naʻe toe fakalahi e ngaahi fatongia ʻo e pīsopé ʻi he konga kimuʻa ʻo e ngaahi taʻu 1900, ʻi hono toe fokotuʻutuʻu ʻe Palesiteni Siosefa  F. Sāmita mo ha kau taki kehe, ʻa e ngaahi kōlomu ʻo e Lakanga Taulaʻeiki Faka-ʻĒloné ke kau pē ki ai e toʻu tupú. Naʻe fakatukupaaʻi e kau pīsopé ke nau fakalotolahiʻi e kau talavoú ʻi honau ngaahi fatongia fakataulaʻeikí mo tokangaʻi e ngaahi kōlomu kotoa pē ʻo e Lakanga Taulaʻeiki Faka-ʻĒloné ʻi honau uōtí. (Naʻe fakahoko ʻeni ia kimuʻa ʻe he siteikí.)¹¹

ʻI he ʻahó ni, ʻoku uiuiʻi e kau pīsopé ke nau tokangaʻi e ngaahi uooti kotoa pē ʻo e Siasí. ʻOku nau tokangaʻi e ngaahi fie maʻu fakatuʻasino mo e fakalaumālie ʻa honau kāingalotú pea nau tokangaʻi e meimei meʻa kotoa pē ʻo e Siasí ʻi honau ngaahi uōtí.

Ngaahi Maʻuʻanga Tokoni ʻa e Siasí

Sherilyn Farnes, “‘A Bishop unto the Church,’” ʻi he Matthew McBride and James Goldberg, eds., Revelations in Context: The Stories behind the Sections of the Doctrine and Covenants (Salt Lake City: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 2016), 77–83.

“Revelation, 11 November 1831-B [DC 107 (partial)],” ʻi he Revelation Book 1, 122–23, josephsmithpapers.org.

“Instruction on Priesthood, between circa 1 March and circa 4 May 1835 [DC 107],” ʻi he Tokāteline mo e Ngaahi Fuakava, 1835, 82–89, josephsmithpapers.org.

“Bishop,” josephsmithpapers.org.

Ngaahi Maʻuʻanga Fakamatalá

ʻOku ʻoatu ʻe he pulusinga ko ʻení ha ngaahi fakamatala lahi ange fekauʻaki mo e tefito ko ʻení. ʻI hono tuku atu pe fakafehokotaki kimoutolu ki he maʻuʻanga tokoni ko ʻení, ʻoku ʻikai ke mau poupouʻi pe fakapapauʻi atu e kanotohí pe ngaahi fakakaukau ʻa e kau faʻu tohí.

William G. Hartley, “Bishop, History of the Office,” ʻi he Encyclopedia of Mormonism, ed. Daniel H. Ludlow, 4 vols. (New York: Macmillan, 1992), 1:119–22.

William G. Hartley, “Nauvoo Stake, Priesthood Quorums, and the Church’s First Wards,” BYU Studies, vol. 32, nos. 1–2 (1992), 57–80.

Ngaahi Tefito Fekauʻakí: Fakatapuí mo e Fatongia Tauhí

Ngaahi Fakamatalá

1. “Revelation, 4 February 1831 [DC 41],” ʻi he Revelation Book 1, 61–62, josephsmithpapers.org.

2. “Revelation, 9 February 1831 [DC 42],” josephsmithpapers.org.

3. “Revelation, 20 July 1831 [DC 57],” ʻi he Revelation Book 1, 93–94, josephsmithpapers.org.

4. “Revelation, 11 November 1831-B [DC 107 (partial)],” ʻi he Revelation Book 1, 122, josephsmithpapers.org. Vakai foki, “Revelation, 4 December 1831-B [DC 72:9–23],” josephsmithpapers.org.

5. “Revelation, between circa 8 and circa 24 March 1832,” josephsmithpapers.org.

6. “Instruction on Priesthood, between circa 1 March and circa 4 May 1835 [DC 107],” ʻi he Tokāteline mo e Ngaahi Fuakava, 1835, 83, josephsmithpapers.org. Vakai foki, Tokāteline mo e Ngaahi Fuakava 68:14–19.

7. “Instruction on Priesthood, between circa 1 March and circa 4 May 1835 [DC 107],” ʻi he Tokāteline mo e Ngaahi Fuakava, 1835, 82–89, josephsmithpapers.org.

8. “Organizational Charts,” ʻi he The Joseph Smith Papers, Documents, Volume 6: February 1838–August 1839, ed. Mark Ashurst-McGee, and others (2017), 681–82.

9. “Ecclesiastical Organization Charts,” josephsmithpapers.org.

10. Naʻe hanga ʻe ha fakahā ʻi Sanuali 1841, ʻo fokotuʻu ʻa Vinisoni Naiti ke ne “tokangaʻi e kau Pīsopelikí,” ka naʻe ʻikai ʻasi ʻi he ngaahi lekooti kimui ange aí haʻane ngāue he fatongia ko iá. Hangē ko ʻení, ʻi he taimi ʻo e konifelenisi lahi ʻo ʻEpeleli 1841, naʻe ʻikai ha lave ia ki hano tokangaʻi ʻe Naiti e kau pīsope kehé (“Revelation, 19 January 1841 [DC 124],” ʻi he Book of the Law of the Lord, 3–15, josephsmithpapers.org; “Minutes of the general conference of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints,” Times and Seasons, Apr. 15, 1841, 386–88; William Clayton journal, Apr. 6–9, 1841, Church History Library, Salt Lake City).

11. William G. Hartley, “Bishop, History of the Office,” ʻi he Encyclopedia of Mormonism, ed. Daniel H. Ludlow, 4 vols. (New York: Macmillan, 1992), 1:119–22.