Talateu ki he Tohi ʻa Paula ki he Kakai Lomá
Ko e hā hono ‘uhinga ʻoku ako ai e tohí ni?
Ko e Tohi ki he kakai Lomá ko e lōloa taha ʻi he ngaahi tohi ʻa Paulá pea ʻoku pehē ʻe he kakai tokolahi ko ʻene tohi lelei tahá. ʻOku ʻi he tohí ni ʻene fakamatala kakato taha ʻo e tokāteline ʻo e fakatonuhiaʻi ʻi he tui kia Sīsū Kalaisí, kae ʻikai ko hono fakahoko e fono ʻa Mōsesé. ʻOku ʻi ai ha ngaahi akonaki lahi fekauʻaki mo e ngaahi tokāteline ʻo e fakamoʻuí pea mo hono fakaʻaongaʻi ʻo e ngaahi tokāteline ko iá ki he moʻui fakaʻahó. ʻI heʻenau ako ʻo e tohí ni, ʻe lava ke maʻu ʻe he kau akó ha loto houngaʻia lahi ange ki he Fakalelei ʻa Sīsū Kalaisí pea mo e ʻamanaki lelei mo e nonga ʻe lava ke maʻu ʻe he kakai kotoa pē ʻia Kalaisí.
Ko hai naʻá ne tohi ʻa e tohí ni?
Ko e ʻAposetolo ko Paulá naʻá ne hiki e Tohi ki he Kakai Lomá (vakai, Loma 1:1). Naʻe fakaʻaongaʻi ʻe Paula ha tokoni ʻa ha tangata tohi, ko Teasio, ʻa ia naʻá ne tohi haʻane fakafeʻiloaki pē ʻaʻana ki he Kāingalotu ʻi Lomá ʻi he fakaʻosinga ʻo e tohí (vakai, Loma 16:22).
Ko e fē ʻa e taimi mo e feituʻu ne tohi aí?
Naʻe hiki ʻe Paula ʻene tohi ki he kakai Lomá mei Kolinitō ʻi he fakaʻosinga ʻo ʻene fononga fakafaifekau hono tolú. ʻOku fokotuʻu mai ʻe ha ngaahi tokoni (clues) naʻe hiki ʻe Paula ʻa e tohí ni lolotonga e mahina ʻe tolu naʻe nofo ai ʻi Kolinitoó (vakai, Ngāue 20:2–3; ʻoku ʻuhinga ʻa e foʻi lea Kalisi ʻi he ngaahi veesi ko ʻení ki Kolinitō,) ʻi he vahaʻa taʻu T.S. 55 mo e 56. (Vakai, Ko e Fakahinohino ki he Ngaahi Folofolá, “ Tohi ʻa Paulá, Ngaahi.”)
Ko hai naʻe fakataumuʻa ki ai hono hikí pea ko e hā hono ʻuhingá?
Naʻe fakataumuʻa ʻa e Tohi ki he kau Lomá ki he kāingalotu ʻo e Siasí ʻi Lomá (vakai, Loma 1:7). ʻOku ʻikai ʻiloʻi e taimi kamataʻanga ʻo e Siasí ʻi Lomá kae mahalo naʻe fokotuʻu ʻi he hili pē e ʻaho ʻo e Penitekosí, ʻi he taimi ne fanongo ai e kau Siu ne ʻaʻahi mai mei Lomá ki he malanga ʻa Pitá (vakai, Ngāue 2:10). Neongo naʻe teʻeki ke ʻalu ʻa Paula ki Loma, naʻá ne tohi ha ngaahi fakafeʻiloaki ki ha Kāingalotu pau naʻá ne maheni mo ia kimuʻa pe ʻi ha niʻihi ne nau nofo ʻi Loma ʻo hangē ko Pīsila mo ʻAkuilá (vakai, Ngāue 18:1–2, 18; Loma 16:1–16, 21).
ʻOku ngalingali ʻoku ʻi ai ha ngaahi tefitoʻi ʻuhinga lalahi ʻe tolu naʻe ʻoatu ai ʻe Paula e Tohí ki he kau Lomá:
(1) Ke teuteu ki heʻene ʻamanaki tūʻuta ʻi Loma ʻi he kahaʻú. Ne fuoloa taʻu e loto ʻa Paula ke malanga ʻaki e ongoongoleleí ʻi Lomá (vakai, Ngāue 19:21; Loma 1:15; 15:23). Naʻá ne fakaʻamu foki ʻe hoko ʻa e Siasi ʻi Lomá ko ha tefitoʻi feituʻu ʻe lava ke ne ngāue fakafaifekau mei ai ki Sipeini (vakai, Loma 15:22–24, 28).
(2) Ke fakamahino’i mo maluʻi ʻene ngaahi akonakí. Naʻe toutou fehangahangai ʻa Paula mo ha ngaahi fakafepaki mei ha niʻihi fakafoʻituitui ne nau maʻu hala pe fakakeheʻi ʻene ngaahi akonaki fekauʻaki mo e fono ʻa Mōsesé mo e tui kia Kalaisí (vakai, Ngāue 13:45; 15:1–2; 21:27–28; Loma 3:8; 2 Pita 3:15–16). Pau pē ne ʻi ai ha ʻuhinga ke mahamahalo ai ʻa Paula kuo aʻu ʻa e ngaahi fetaʻemahinoʻaki pehee ki he kāingalotu ʻo e Siasí ʻi Lomá, ko ia naʻá ne tohi ai ke fakasiʻisiʻi e ngaahi hohaʻá kimuʻa pea toki aʻu atú.
(3) Ke fakaʻaiʻai e uouangatahá ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e kāingalotu Siu mo e Senitaile ʻo e Siasí. ʻI ha taimi siʻi kimuʻa hono hiki ʻe Paula e tohí ni, naʻe kamata ke foki ki Loma ʻa e kau Kalisitiane Siu naʻe kapusi mei Loma ʻe he ʻEmipola ko Kalotiusí (vakai, Ngāue 18:2) pea ki ha ngaahi haʻofanga faka-Kalisitiane tokolahi ange. Mahalo naʻe toe lahi ange ʻa e fekeʻikeʻi mo e ngaahi palopalema ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e kau Kalisitiane Siú mo e kau Senitailé ko e tupu mei he meʻá ni. ʻI heʻene hoko ko e “ʻAposetolo ʻo e kakai Senitailé” (Loma 11:13), naʻe feinga ʻa Paula ke fakatahaʻi e kau papi ului ʻo e kakai Senitailé ki he Siasí; ka naʻe toe ongoʻi foki ʻe Paula ko ha Siu, (vakai, Loma 11:1) ha holi lahi ke tali ʻe hono kakaí ʻa e ongoongoleleí. Naʻe poupouʻi ʻe Paula e uouongatahá ʻaki hono akoʻi e founga ʻoku ʻaonga ai e ngaahi tokāteline ʻo e ongoongoleleí ki he Kāingalotu kotoa pē (vakai, Loma 3:21–4:25; 11:13–36; 14:1–15:13).
Ko e hā ha ngaahi fōtunga makehe ʻo e tohí ni?
Hiki ha fakafeʻiloaki, ʻOku kamata e tohí ʻaki ha fakamatala ki hono kaveingá. “[Ko e ongoongolelei ʻo Kalaisí … ko e mālohi ia ʻo e ʻOtuá ki he fakamoʻuí” kiate kinautolu kotoa “ʻoku tui” kia Sīsū Kalaisí (Loma 1:16–17).
Neongo kuo hoko e Tohi ki he kau Lomá ko ha konga mahuʻinga ʻi he hisitōlia faka-Kalisitiané, meʻapangó ko ʻene toe hoko “ko ha tupuʻanga ʻo e fetaʻemahinoʻaki fakatokāteline lahi ange, fakaʻuhingaʻi hala, pea fakatupu kovi ʻi ha toe tohi faka-Tohi Tapu,” ʻo fakatatau kia ʻEletā Pulusi R. Makongikī ʻo e Kōlomu ʻo e Kau ʻAposetolo ʻe Toko Hongofulu mā Uá (Doctrinal New Testament Commentary,3 vols. [1965–73], 2:211). Ne aʻu pē ki he kau Kalisitiane kimuʻá, naʻa nau lau “ʻoku ʻilo ngataʻa” ʻa e ngaahi tohi ʻa Paulá, pea naʻe fakakeheʻi mo maʻu hala ʻene ngaahi akonakí he taimi ʻe niʻihi (2 Pita 3:15 – 16).
Fokotuʻutuʻú
Loma 1–3 ʻOku fakamatalaʻi ʻe Paula e tokāteline ʻo e fakatonuhiá ʻi he tui kia Sīsū Kalaisí. Naʻe fakaʻuhingaʻi ʻe Paula e tuʻunga ʻo e faiangahala ʻoku fehangahangai mo e faʻahinga kotoa pē ʻo e tangtá pea akoʻi ko e founga ʻa e ʻOtuá maʻá e kakai kotoa pē ki he palopalema ko ʻení ko e Fakalelei ʻa Sīsū Kalaisí. ʻI hono tali faivelenga e Fakalelei ʻa Kalaisí, ʻe lava ke fakatonuhiaʻi (fakamolemoleʻi) pea maʻu e fakamoʻuí ʻe he faʻahinga kotoa ʻo e tangatá.
Loma 4–8 ʻOku fakamatala ʻa Paula ʻa e sīpinga ʻa ʻĒpalahamé ke fakatātaaʻi ʻaki e tokāteline ʻo e fakatonuhia ʻi he tuí. Naʻá ne fakamatalaʻi e ngaahi tokāteline ʻo e fakamoʻuí pea akoʻi e founga ʻoku kaunga ai ʻe he ngaahi tokāteline ko iá e moʻui ʻa kinautolu ʻoku tui kia Kalaisí.
Loma 9–16 ʻOku tohi ʻa Paula fekauʻaki mo e tuʻunga fili ko ia ʻo ʻIsilelí, lolotonga hono fakaʻikaiʻi ʻo e ongoongoleleí, mo e fakamoʻuí. ʻOku faleʻi ʻe Paula e kāingalotu Siu mo e Senitaile ʻo e Siasí ke nau moʻui ʻaki e ongoongoleleí kae ʻi ai ha melino mo ha uouangataha ʻi he Siasí. ʻOkú ne kole ki he Kāingalotu ʻi Lomá ke hokohoko atu ʻenau tauhi e ngaahi fekau ʻa e ʻOtuá.