Ngaahi Tokoni Fakafolofolá
ʻĒseta

Ngaahi Tokoni Fakafolofolá

ʻĒseta

Hili hono toʻo ʻe he Tuʻi Peasia ko ʻAhasiveló ʻa hono ʻuluaki uaifi ko Vāsití mei he taloní, naʻá ne fili ʻa ʻĒseta ke hoko ko e kuini. Naʻe ʻikai fakahaaʻi ʻe ʻĒseta ko ha Siu ia ʻi hano fokotuʻu ange ʻe hono tauhi ko Motekiaí, ʻa ia naʻe hoko ko ha ʻōfisa ʻi he fakamaauʻanga ʻo ʻAhasiveló. Naʻe fakaʻitaʻi ʻe Motekiai ʻa e faifaleʻi ʻa e tuʻí, Hāmani, ʻa ia naʻe tupu ai ʻene faʻufaʻu ke tāmateʻi kotoa ʻa e kau Siu ʻi he puleʻangá. Naʻe poleʻi ʻe ʻĒseta ʻene moʻuí ʻi heʻene ʻalu taʻefakaafeʻi ki he ʻao ʻo e tuʻí mo fakahā ʻa e faʻufaʻu ʻa Hāmaní. Naʻe hoko ʻa e ngāue ʻa ʻĒsetá ke fakahaofi ai hono kakaí. ʻI ha liliu taʻeʻamanekina, naʻe tāmateʻi ai ʻa Hāmani pea fakalāngilangiʻi ʻa Motekiai.

Ngaahi Maʻuʻanga Tokoní

Fakatokangaʻi ange: Ko hono fakaʻaongaʻi ha maʻuʻanga tokoni ʻoku ʻikai pulusi ʻe he Siasi ʻo Sīsū Kalaisi ʻo e Kau Māʻoniʻoni ʻi he Ngaahi ʻAho Kimui Ní ʻoku ʻikai ʻuhinga ia ʻoku poupouʻi ia pe ko e taha naʻá ne faʻú pe te ne fakafofongaʻi ʻa e tuʻunga fakaʻofisiale ʻo e Siasí.

Puipuituʻá mo e Anga ʻo ʻEne Tuʻú

Ko e hā ʻa e tohi ʻa ʻĒsetá?

ʻOku fakamatalaʻi ʻe he tohi ʻa ʻĒsetá ʻa e talanoa ʻo Kuini ʻĒsetá, ʻa ia naʻe ʻi ha tuʻunga fakatuʻutāmaki ʻene moʻuí ke fakahaofi hono kakaí mei he fakaʻauhá. Ko e ngaahi meʻa naʻe hoko ʻi he tohi ko ʻení ko ha ngaahi meʻa ia naʻe hoko lolotonga ʻa e pule ʻa e Tuʻi ko ʻAhasiveló, ʻa ia naʻe faʻa ui ko Sēsesi I, ʻa ia naʻá ne puleʻi ʻa Peasia mei he 486 ki he 465 BC. Neongo naʻe foki ha niʻihi ʻo e kau Siú ki Selusalema hili hono ikunaʻi ʻe he Tuʻi ko Sailosí ʻa Pāpilone ʻi he 539 BC, naʻe kei nofo pē ha tokolahi, kau ai ʻa ʻĒseta. ʻOku fakamatala heni ʻa e talanoa ʻo e aʻu ʻa ʻĒseta ki he tuʻunga ko e kuini ʻo Peasiá pea fehangahangai mo e meimei ke tamateʻi ia fakataha mo hono kakaí. ʻOkú ne toe ʻomi foki ʻa e tupuʻanga ʻo e kātoanga ʻa e kau Siú ʻo e Pulimí mo e sīpinga ʻo hono fakahokó.

Neongo ʻoku ʻikai ʻasi ʻi he tohi ʻa ʻĒsetá ha “fakamatala fakapatonu ki he ʻOtuá, … pea ʻoku ʻikai lea ʻaki tonu ai, ka ʻoku talanoa ʻa e tohí ki he ikuʻanga fakalangí … pea talanoa ki he ʻaukai ke nau hao moʻuí.”

ʻE lava ke fakamatalaʻi ʻa e tohi ʻa ʻĒsetá ʻo hangē ko ʻení:

  1. ʻĒseta 1–2: ʻOku houhau ʻa e Tuʻi ko ʻAhasiveló ʻi he ʻulungaanga ʻo Kuini Vāsití pea ʻokú ne fakahifo ia mei he taloní. ʻOku fili ʻe ʻAhasivelo ʻa ʻĒseta ko e kuini foʻou.

  2. ʻĒseta 3–5: ʻOku faʻu ʻe Hāmani ha palani ke fakaʻauha ʻa e kau Siu kotoa pē ʻi he puleʻangá hili ʻa e fakafisi ʻa Motekiai ke punou kiate iá. ʻOku poleʻi ʻe ʻĒseta ʻene moʻuí ʻaki ʻene ʻalu taʻefakaafeʻi ke sio ki he tuʻí. ʻOku tali lelei ia ʻe he tuʻí pea ʻokú ne hoifua ke kau fakataha mo ʻĒseta ki ha maʻu meʻatokoni kau atu ki ai mo Hāmani.

  3. ʻĒseta 6–8: Ko e fakamatala ʻa ʻĒseta ki he tuʻí fekauʻaki mo e faʻufaʻu ʻa Hāmani ke tāmateʻi ʻa e kau Siú. ʻOku tautau ʻe he tuʻí ʻa Hāmani, peá ne fakalangilangiʻi ʻa Motekiai, pea fakaʻatā ʻa Motekiai mo ʻĒseta ke na fakafoki ʻa e palani ke tamateʻi ʻa e kau Siú.

  4. ʻĒseta 9–10: ʻOku maʻu ʻe he kau Siú ha ngofua mei he tuʻí ke tamateʻi honau ngaahi fili ʻi he puleʻangá. ʻOku nau kamataʻi ʻa e Kātoanga Pulimí ke fakamanatua hono fakahaofi fakaofo kinautolu mei he palani ʻa Hāmaní.

ʻĒseta 1:1–3

Naʻe tuʻu ʻa Susani ʻi fē?

Naʻe nofo ʻa ʻĒseta ʻi Susani (naʻe ui foki ko Susa), ʻa ia ko e taha ʻo e ongo kolomuʻa ʻo e Puleʻanga Peasiá. Naʻe tuʻu ia ʻi he feituʻu ʻoku ui ʻi he taimí ni ko e fakahihifo ʻo ʻIulaní, ʻoku meimei maile ʻe 200 (kilomita ʻe 325) ki he fakahahake ʻo Pāpilone ʻo e kuonga muʻá. Naʻe hoko foki ʻa Susani ko e feituʻu naʻe hoko ai ʻa Nehemaia ko e fua ipu ki he Tuʻi ko ʻAtakisekisí pea naʻe mamata ai ʻa Taniela ki ha meʻa-hā-mai.

ko ha mape ʻo e ʻEimipaea ʻo Peasiá

Ngaahi Mape ʻo e Tohi Tapú, fika 7, “Ko e ʻEmipaea ʻo Peasiá”

ʻĒseta 2:5–7

Ko e hā naʻe ui ai ʻa ʻĒseta ko Hatasá?

Hangē ko e kau Siu kehe naʻe tuli ʻi Peasiá, naʻe fakatou maʻu ʻe ʻĒseta ha hingoa faka-Hepelū mo ha hingoa faka-Peasia. Ko e Hatasá ʻa hono hingoa faka-Hepeluú, ʻa ia ko hono ʻuhingá ko e “mailé.” Ko hono hingoa faka-Peasia, ʻĒsetá, ʻoku ʻuhinga ia ko e “fetuʻu.”

ʻĒseta 2:19

Ko e hā naʻe tangutu ai ʻa Motekiai ʻi he matapā ʻā ʻo e tuʻí?

Ko e matapā ʻā ʻo e tuʻí ko ha feituʻu tānakiʻanga ia ʻi he hūʻanga ki he ʻapi fakatuʻí. Naʻe ʻuhinga ʻa e tangutu ʻi he matapā ʻo e tuʻí naʻe maʻu ʻe ha taha ha lakanga fakaʻofisiale ke maluʻi ʻa e tuʻí. ʻOku toutou hā ʻi he fakamatalá ʻa e ngāue ʻa Motekiai ʻi he fatongiá ni, kau ai ʻa e taimi naʻá ne fanongo ai ki he faʻufaʻu ʻa e kau leʻó ke fakapoongi ʻa e tuʻí.

ʻĒseta 3:1–10

Ko e hā ka fakafisi ai ʻa Motekiai ke punou kia Hāmaní?

Naʻe ʻikai taʻofi ʻa e punou ki ha tuʻunga māʻolunga fakapolitikalé ʻi he fono ʻa Mōsesé. Ka neongo ia, ʻe ala tokoni ha fakaikiiki ʻe taha mei he fakamatalá ke fakamatalaʻi ʻa e ʻuhinga naʻe fakafisi ai ʻa Motekiai ke punou kia Hāmaní. ʻOku tala ʻe he fakamatalá ko Hāmaní ko ha tangata ʻEkaki, ʻa ia ʻoku ngalingali ko e hako ia ʻo e Tuʻi ʻAmalekai ko ʻEkakí. Naʻe hoko ʻa e kau ʻAmalekaí ko ha fili fuoloa ʻo e kakai ʻIsilelí. Mahalo naʻe haʻu ʻa e fakafisi ko ia ʻa Motekiai ke punou kia Hāmani mo e loto-fakapapau ʻa Hāmani ke tāmateʻi ʻa e kau Siú mei he fekeʻikeʻi taʻu lahi ʻa e ongo kakaí ni.

ʻĒseta 3:7

Naʻe ʻuhinga ki he hā ʻa e pehē ke “lī ʻa Pulí”?

Ke fakapapauʻi pe ko e ʻaho fē ke tamateʻi kotoa ai ʻa e kau Siu ʻi Peasiá, naʻe “lī ʻa Puli, ʻa ia ko e talotalo” ʻa Hāmani mo ʻene kau tangatá. Naʻe angamaheni ʻaki hono fai ʻo e talotaló ʻi he kuonga muʻá ʻi he Feituʻu Ofi ki he Hahaké, ʻa ia naʻe fakaʻaongaʻi ke fai ha ngaahi fili pe fakapapauʻi ha ikuʻanga. Naʻe faʻa kau ai hono lī ʻo ha fanga kiʻi meʻa iiki hangē ko e maká, huí, pe nifo hau ʻo e fanga monumanú. ʻOku maʻu ʻe he kātoanga faka-Siu ʻo e Pulimí ʻa hono hingoá mei he pulí ko e foʻi lea faka-Peasia ki he “talotaló.”

ʻĒseta 4:1

Ko e hā naʻe haehae ai ʻe Motekiai hono valá pea tui tauangaʻa mo ha efuefú?

ʻI he kuonga ʻo e Tohi Tapú, naʻe hoko hono haehae ʻo e vala ʻo ha taha, tui tauangaʻa, mo e efuefu pe efu ʻi he ʻulú ko ha founga tukufakaholo ʻo hono fakahaaʻi ha faingataʻaʻia pe loto-mamahi. Ko e tauangaʻá ko ha tupenu petepete ʻa ia naʻe ngaohi ʻaki ha ngaahi kato fefeka.

Ko Motekiai ʻokú ne ʻai tauangaʻa

ʻĒseta 4:11

Ko e hā naʻe ʻikai ʻahiʻahiʻi ai ʻe ʻĒseta ha ngaahi founga kehe ke fakahā ki he tuʻí ʻa e palani ʻa Hāmaní?

Naʻe ʻiloʻi ʻe ʻĒseta ʻa e fakatuʻutāmaki ki heʻene moʻuí kapau ʻe ʻalu ki he ʻao ʻo e tuʻí taʻefekauʻi ia. ʻI he tuʻunga fakatuʻutāmaki ko ʻení, kuo fehuʻia ʻe ha niʻihi ʻa e ʻuhinga naʻe ʻikai feinga ai ʻa ʻĒseta ke fakaʻaongaʻi ha ngaahi founga fakaʻofisiale ke maʻu ai ha faingamālie ke ʻaʻahi ki he tuʻí. ʻE lava pē ke kau ʻi he ngaahi ʻuhingá, naʻe fakaʻehiʻehi ʻa ʻĒseta mei he fili ko ʻení ke taʻofi ʻa hono fakahoko ʻene pōpoakí ʻo fakafou ʻia Hāmaní, ʻa ia naʻá ne mei maumauʻi ʻene palaní.

ʻĒseta 4:14

Ko e hā ʻa e ʻuhinga ʻa Motekiai ʻi heʻene talaange kia ʻĒseta mahalo naʻá ne haʻu ki he puleʻangá “koeʻuhí ko ha kuonga peheni”?

Naʻe pehē ʻe Motekiai mahalo naʻe fokotuʻu ʻe he ʻEikí ʻa ʻĒseta ʻi hono tuʻunga ko e kuiní koeʻuhí ke ne lava ʻo hoko ko ʻEne meʻangāue ʻi hono fakahaofi ʻo e kau Siú. Kuo fai ʻe he kau taki ʻo e Siasí ʻi onopōní ha ngaahi fakakaukau tatau fekauʻaki mo e kau mai ʻa e ʻEikí ki heʻetau moʻuí. Naʻe akoʻi ʻe ʻEletā Niila A. Mekisuele ko e ʻEikí “ʻoku ʻikai ke Ne fai ʻfakatuʻupakē’ ha meʻa kae ʻi ha ʻpalani fakalangi.’” Naʻe fakamoʻoni ʻa ʻEletā Lānolo A. Lasipeni: “ʻOku tataki koe ʻe he toʻukupu ʻo e ʻEikí. ʻI ha ‘palani fakalangi,’ ʻokú Ne kau ai ʻi he ngaahi meʻa iiki mo mahuʻinga ʻi hoʻo moʻuí.”

Kuini ʻĒseta

Kuini ko ʻĒseta, tā fakatātā ʻa Minerva K. Teichert

ʻĒseta 6:1

Ko e hā ʻa e “tohi fakamatala meʻa hokohoko”?

Ko e tohi naʻe lau mei ai ʻa e kau tamaioʻeiki ʻa e tuʻí ko ha lekooti fakaʻofisiale ia ʻo e ngaahi meʻa naʻe hoko ʻi he ʻemipaea Peasiá. ʻOku toe hā foki ʻa e lekooti ko ʻení ʻi ha toe feituʻu ʻia ʻĒseta mo ʻĒsela. ʻOku fokotuʻu mai naʻe tataki ʻe he ivi tākiekina ʻo e ʻEikí ʻa e tuʻí ke ne lau ʻa e konga ko ʻeni ʻo e lekōtí, ʻo ueʻi ia ke ne manatuʻi ʻa e ngāue loto-toʻa ʻa Motekiai mei he ngaahi taʻu siʻi kimuʻá.

ʻĒseta 8:3–12

Ko e hā naʻe kei tautapa ai ʻa ʻĒseta ki he kau Siú hili ʻa e pekia ʻa Hāmaní?

ʻOku hā ʻi he tohí naʻe ʻikai lava ke toe fakafoki ʻa e tuʻutuʻuni ʻa e Tuʻi ko ʻAhasiveló, ʻa ia naʻá ne tuʻutuʻuni ke fakaʻauha ʻa e kau Siú. Ko ia naʻe fakalotoʻi ai ʻe ʻĒseta ʻa e tuʻí ke fai ha tuʻutuʻuni ʻe taha ʻo fakaʻatā ʻa e kau Siú ke nau maluʻi kinautolu kimuʻa ʻi he ʻaho naʻe palani ke fakapoongi fakatokolahi ai kinautolú.

ʻĒseta 9:20–28

Ko e hā ʻa e Kātoanga ʻo e Pulimí?

Naʻe fokotuʻu ʻe he kau Siú ha ʻaho mālōlō foʻou naʻe ui ko e Pulimi, ke fakafiefiaʻi ʻaki honau fakahaofí. ʻOku maʻu ʻa e hingoá mei he puli (talotalo) naʻe fakahoko ʻe Hāmani ke fakapapauʻi ʻa e ʻaho ke fakaʻauha ai ʻa e kau Siú. ʻI he ʻaho ní, ʻoku kei tauhi pē ʻe he kau Siú ʻa e Kātoanga ʻo e Pulimí. Makehe mei he ʻaʻapa fakalongolongo ʻo e ngaahi ʻaho mālōlō kehe ʻa e kau Siú, ʻoku fakataumuʻa ʻa e Pulimí ke longomoʻui mo fakafiefia. ʻOku fakafiefiaʻi ʻaki ia ha meʻakai, mūsika, mo ha ngaahi fakafiefia kehe, kau ai hono fakafetongi ʻo e ngaahi meʻaʻofá mo foaki ha ngaahi meʻaʻofa ki he masivá. ʻI he ʻaho Pulimí, ʻoku tui ʻe he kau Siú ha ngaahi teunga pea nau fakataha ki he falelotu lahí, ʻa ia ʻoku lau pe fakafaivaʻi ai ʻa e talanoa kakato ʻo ʻĒsetá. ʻE faʻa fakameleʻi ʻe kinautolu ʻoku fanongo ki he talanoá ha taimi pē ʻoku lave ai kia Hāmani, ʻaki ʻenau fakatupu ha longoaʻa. ʻI he taimi ʻoku lau ai ʻa e hingoa Motekiaí, ʻoku fakakaekae ʻa e haʻofangá.

Ako Lahi Ange

Loto-toʻa ʻa ʻĒsetá

  • Thomas S. Monson, “Ke ke Maʻu ha Loto-toʻa,” Liahona, Mē 2009, 123–27

  • Mary Ellen Smoot, “For Such a Time as This,” Ensign, Nov. 1997, 86–88

Mītiá

Ngaahi Vitioó

“Koeʻuhi Ko Ha Kuonga Peheni” (13:44)

13:55

“Sackcloth [Tauangaʻa]” (00:32)

0:33

Ngaahi ʻAtá

Kuini ʻĒseta

Fakatātā ʻo ʻĒseta, tā fakatātaaʻi ʻe Dilleen Marsh

Tūʻulutui ʻa ʻĒseta ʻi he ʻao ʻo e tuʻí

Queen Esther Saves Jehovah’s People [ʻOku Fakahaofi ʻe Kuini ʻĒseta ʻa e Kakai ʻo Sihová], tā fakatātā ʻa Sam Lawlor

Tūʻulutui ʻa Kuini ʻĒseta ʻo lotu

Faith of Queen Esther [Tui ʻa Kuini ʻĒsetá], tā fakatātā ʻa Sandra Rast

Hanga hake ʻa ʻĒseta mo lotu

Esther [ʻĒseta], tā fakatātā ʻa James Johnson

Ko e tūʻulutui ʻa ʻĒseta ʻi he ʻao ʻo e tuʻí

Esther before the King [ʻĒseta ʻi he ʻao ʻo e Tuʻí], tā fakatātā ʻa Minerva K. Teichert

Ngaahi Maʻuʻanga Fakamatalá

  1. Vakai, Harold W. Attridge and others, eds., The HarperCollins Study Bible: New Revised Standard Version, Including the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books (2006), 682, fakamatala ʻi he ʻĒseta 1:1. Neongo ʻoku maʻu ʻe he kau mataotao ʻi he Tohi Tapú ha ngaahi fakakaukau kehekehe fekauʻaki mo e tonu fakahisitōlia ʻo e tohi ʻa ʻĒsetá (vakai, Earl D. Radmacher and others, eds., NKJV Study Bible, 3rd ed. [2018], 712–13; Robert Alter, The Hebrew Bible: A Translation with Commentary [2019], 2:713–16; Adele Berlin and Marc Zvi Brettler, eds., The Jewish Study Bible, 2nd ed. [2014], 1619–20), ka naʻe ʻikai ke fai ʻe he Palōfita ko Siosefa Sāmitá ha ngaahi liliu kia ʻĒseta lolotonga ʻene liliu ʻo e Tohi Tapú, pea kuo lea ʻa e kau palōfita ʻo onopōní ʻo fekauʻaki mo ʻĒseta ko ha tokotaha fakahisitōlia moʻoni (vakai, Thomas S. Monson, “May You Have Courage,” Ensign or Liahona, Mē 2009, 127; Dallin H. Oaks, “I’ll Go Where You Want Me to Go,” Ensign or Liahona, Nov. 2002, 67).

  2. Vakai, Radmacher and others, NKJV Study Bible, 673.

  3. Vakai, Bible Dictionary, “Esther, book of”; Adele Berlin and Marc Zvi Brettler, eds., The Jewish Study Bible, 2nd ed. (2014), 1619.

  4. Bible Dictionary, “Esther, book of.”

  5. Vakai, Bible Dictionary, “Shushan.”

  6. Vakai, Michael D. Coogan and others, eds., The New Oxford Annotated Bible: New Revised Standard Version, 5th ed. (2018), 717, fakamatala ki he ʻĒseta 1:2.

  7. Vakai, Nehemaia 1:1, 11; Taniela 8:1–2.

  8. Vakai, Taniela 1:6–7.

  9. Vakai, Richard Neitzel Holzapfel and others, Jehovah and the World of the Old Testament: An Illustrated Reference for Latter-day Saints (2009), 356.

  10. Vakai, Coogan and others, The New Oxford Annotated Bible, 719, note on Esther 2:19.

  11. Vakai, Berlin and Brettler, The Jewish Study Bible, 1625, notes on Esther 2:21, 22.

  12. Vakai, ʻĒseta 2:19–23; 5:13; 6:10.

  13. Vakai, Sēnesi 23:7; 33:3; 44:14; 1 Samuela 24:8; 2 Samuela 14:4; 1 Ngaahi Tuʻi 1:16.

  14. Vakai, Bible Dictionary, “Agag.”

  15. Vakai, ʻĒseta 3:10. Vakai foki Bible Dictionary, “Amalek, Amalekites.” Naʻe fakapoongi ʻe he palōfita ko Samuelá ʻa ʻEkaki hili ʻa e ʻikai lava ʻe he Tuʻi ko Saulá ʻo fai iá (vakai, 1 Samuela 15:8–9, 32–33). Naʻe hangē ʻa Motekiai ko Saulá, ko ha hako ʻo Penisimani. Mahalo naʻe fakakau ʻe he tokotaha faʻu tohí ʻa e hako ʻo Motekiai mo Hāmaní ke na fakamatalaʻi ha niʻihi ʻo ʻena fekeʻikeʻí pea mo e loto-fakapapau ʻa Hāmani ke tāmateʻi ʻa e kau Siú (vakai, Berlin and Brettler, The Jewish Study Bible, 1625, fakamatala ki he ʻĒseta 3:1). Ke maʻu ha fakamatala lahi ange fekauʻaki mo e fekeʻikeʻi ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e kau ʻIsilelí mo e kau ʻAmalekaí, vakai, “ʻEkesōtosi 17:14–16. Ko e hā naʻe fekau ai ʻe he ʻEikí kia Mōsese ke fakaʻauha ʻa e kau ʻAmalekaí?” mo e “1 Samuela 15:1–3. Ko e hā naʻe fekauʻi ai ʻa Saula ke fakaʻauha ʻaupito’ ʻa e kau ʻAmalekaí?”

  16. Vakai, Kenneth L. Barker and others, eds., NIV Study Bible: Fully Revised Edition (2020), 809–10, fakamatala ki he ʻĒseta 3:1; 3:2–6.

  17. Vakai, Bible Dictionary, “Lots, casting of.”

  18. Vakai, Holzapfel and others, Jehovah and the World of the Old Testament, 157.

  19. Vakai, Alter, The Hebrew Bible, 2:725, fakamatala ki he ʻĒseta 3:7.

  20. Vakai, Radmacher and others, NKJV Study Bible, 1044; 1 Ngaahi Tuʻi 21:27; Nehemaia 9:1; Siope 2:8; 42:6; ʻĪsaia 58:5; Taniela 9:3; “Senesi 37:34. Ko e hā e ʻuhinga naʻe haehae ai ʻe Sēkope hono kofú pea tui ha tauangaʻá?”

  21. Vakai, John H. Walton and others, The IVP Bible Background Commentary: Old Testament (2000), 488, fakamtala ki he ʻĒseta 4:11.

  22. Vakai, Radmacher and others, NKJV Study Bible, 720, fakamatala ki he ʻĒseta 4:14.

  23. Neal A. Maxwell, “‘Brim with Joy’ (Alma 26:11)” (Brigham Young University devotional, Jan. 23, 1996), 2, speeches.byu.edu.

  24. Ronald A. Rasband, “ʻI ha Palani Fakalangi,” Liahona, Nōvema 2017, 57.

  25. Vakai, ʻĒseta 2:23; 10:2; ʻĒsela 4:15.

  26. Vakai, Radmacher and others, NKJV Study Bible, 721, fakamatala ki he ʻĒseta 6:1; 6:2, 3. Vakai foki Barker and others, NIV Study Bible, 812, fakamatala ki he ʻĒseta 6:2.

  27. Vakai, ʻĒseta 8:8. Fakafehoanaki mo e ʻĒseta 1:19; Taniela 6:7–9.

  28. Vakai, Holzapfel and others, Jehovah and the World of the Old Testament, 356.

  29. Vakai, Bible Dictionary, “Feasts.” Vakai foki Holzapfel and others, Jehovah and the World of the Old Testament, 359; Berlin and Brettler, The Jewish Study Bible, 1619.