Ko e Mālohinga ʻo Hotau Tukufakaholó
Mei ha lea he faeasaiti ne fakahoko ʻi he ʻaho 3 ʻo ʻAokosi 1980, ʻi he ʻUnivēsiti ko Pilikihami ʻIongí. Ke maʻu kakato ʻi he lea faka-Pilitāniá, ʻalu ki he speeches.byu.edu.
ʻOku tatau pē hono fie maʻu ʻa e tui fakapaioniá he māmaní he ʻahó ni, pea mo hono fie maʻu ʻi ha faʻahinga kuonga pē.
Kuó u fiefia maʻu pē ʻi he ngaahi talanoa fakapaioniá. Naʻe nofo pē ʻeku kui fefiné he fale hoko mai kiate kimautolú ʻi heʻeku kei siʻí. ʻI hono taʻu valú, naʻá ne meimei lue lalo kakato ai ʻo kolosi mai he toafá. Naʻá ne lava ʻo manatuʻi ha ngaahi meʻa feʻunga fakapaionia ne hoko ke u kei fakatumtumu ai ʻo lau-houa ʻi heʻeku tangutu ʻo fakafanongo ki aí.
Ne hoko maʻu pē ʻa Palesiteni Pilikihami ʻIongi (1801–77) ko ha taha ʻo ʻeku kau tangata tuʻukimuʻa makehé. Ko ʻene tali ki he ngaahi palopalemá naʻe mahino mo mahuʻinga pea naʻe ʻaonga ki he kakaí. ʻOku ou fakatumutumu ʻi hono lotó pea mo ʻene vēkeveke ʻi heʻene taki ʻa e Kāingalotú ki he hihifó.
Ko e taimi naʻe mahino ai ko e fakamole ki hono hiki mai ʻo e kau ului foʻoú mei ʻIulope ki ʻIutaá ʻe taukakapá, ne ʻoatu leva e fakakaukaú ni kia Palesiteni ʻIongi ke nau fakaʻaongaʻi e ngaahi sāliote toho tangatá ke kolosi mai he ngaahi tafangaloá. Naʻe lava ʻa Palesiteni ʻIongi ke ʻiloʻi he taimi pē ko iá hono leleí, ʻo ʻikai ngata pē ʻi he siʻisiʻi ʻo e fakamolé ka, ʻi hono lelei fakaetuʻasino ki he kakaí ke nau fononga lalo mamaʻo pehē ʻo tūʻuta ki he Teleʻa Sōlekí ʻoku nau kei mālohi mo longomoʻui ʻi he ʻosi ha faʻahinga meʻa pehē. Naʻá ne pehē:
“ʻOku mau fakapapauʻi [tui] ko e faʻahinga lēlue peheé ‘e vave ange ia ‘i ha fononga ‘asi ‘e lava ‘o kamata. Naʻe totonu ke ‘i ai haʻanau fanga pulu lelei ke maʻu ai ha huʻakau, mo ha fanga pulu kakano tokosiʻi ke ‘ave mo fahi ‘i hano fie maʻu. Ko e foungá ni, ‘e lava ai ‘o taʻofi ‘a e fakamolé, faingataʻá pea mo e palopalema ‘o e ngaahi timi tohó, pea hao lelei ange ai ‘a e kāingalotú mei he faingataʻaʻiá, mamahi pea mo e mate kuó ne faʻa telio siʻa houʻeiki tangata mo fafine tokolahi ‘i he efú.
“ʻOku mau fokotuʻu ke ‘ave ha kau tangata tui mo taukei, fakataha mo ha ngaahi fakahinohino taau, ki ha ngaahi feituʻu feʻunga ke nau fakahoko ‘a e ngaahi fokotuʻu ‘i ‘olungá; ko ia, tuku ke mahino ki he kāingalotu ‘oku palani hiki mai ‘i he taʻu ka hokó, ‘oku fie maʻu ke nau lue lalo mo toho ‘enau ngaahi kató ‘i he toafa musié, pea he ‘ikai toe tokoniʻi kinautolu ‘e he paʻanga [Hikifonua Tuʻumaʻú] ‘i ha toe founga.”1
Naʻe aʻu lelei mai ha Kāingalotu ʻe toko lau afe siʻi ʻi ha maile ʻe 1,300 ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e 1856 mo e 1860 (2,090 km) ʻi he ngaahi sāliote toho tangatá. Naʻe toki fakameleʻi e ola lelei ʻo ʻenau fonongá ʻe ha fononga fakatuʻutāmaki ʻe ua, ko e kau fononga sāliote toho tangata ʻa Uilí (Willie) mo e kau fononga ʻa Mātiní (Martin), ʻa ia ne na toki mavahe tōmui ʻaupito ʻi he taʻú ke hao mei he ʻuluaki sinou ʻo e faʻahitaʻu momokó. Fakatokangaʻi e poto ʻo Palesiteni ʻIongí. ʻI he konifelenisi lahi ʻo ʻOkatopa 1856, naʻá ne tukutaha ʻa e konifelenisí kakato ki hono fokotuʻutuʻu ʻo e feinga fakahaofí ke tokoniʻi ʻa e Kāingalotu faingataʻaʻia ko iá. Pea naʻá ne tuʻutuʻuni ki he kau tangatá ke ʻoua naʻa nau toe toloi ʻaki ha uike pe māhina pea nau toki ō. Naʻá ne fie maʻu ha fanga hoosi toho ke mateuteu ʻi he Mōnite hono hokó ke ō ʻo tokoniʻi e faingataʻaʻia ʻa e Kāingalotu ne maʻutangī ʻe he sinoú. Pea ko e meʻatonu pē ia naʻe hokó.
Naʻe kamata fononga ʻa e ʻuluaki kau fakahaofí ʻi he Mōnite hokó. Ko hono fakamatalaʻi ko ia ʻo e fiefia ʻa e kau fononga ʻa Uilí ʻi he aʻu atu ʻa e ʻuluaki kau fakahaofí naʻá ne kamata ke fakaeʻa ʻa e lotó. Naʻe mavahe ʻa Kapiteni Uili mei hono kaungā fonongá kae ʻalu mo ha taha ʻo fekumi ki ha lēlue tokoni.
ʻOku hiki he hisitōliá: “ʻI he efiafi hono tolu hili e ʻaho ne mavahe ai ʻa Kapiteni Uilí, pea ʻi he tāitō lelei ʻa e laʻaá ʻi he tafa moʻungá, kuo fakatokangaʻi ha ngaahi sāliote fakafale naʻe toho hoosi, ki he fakahihifo pē ʻo e nofoʻangá, ʻoku nau hangatonu mai kiate kimautolu. Naʻe mafola ʻa e ongoongó ni he nofoʻangá kotoa ʻo hangē ha afi kakahá, pea ko kinautolu kotoa pē naʻe lava ke nau tuʻu mei honau mohengá ne nau omi tokolahi ke sio. Naʻe hanga ‘e ha ngaahi momeniti siʻi ‘o ‘omi kinautolu ke nau ofi feʻunga ke mahino naʻe kiʻi muʻomuʻa siʻi homau taki faivelengá ‘i he lēlué. Naʻe ongona ʻi he ʻeá ʻa e kalanga fiefiá; tangi e kau tangata toʻá ʻo tafenoa pē honau loʻimatá ʻi honau kouʻahe makoko mo fohiá, pea kau ʻa e fānaú ʻi he fiefiá ʻa ia naʻe ʻi ai hanau niʻihi naʻe ʻikai mahino ki ai, pea mo nau tauʻolunga takai ʻi he fiefia. Naʻe ʻikai ha toe fakangatangata ʻi he fiefia fakalūkufuá ni, pea ʻi he aʻu mai ʻa e kau tangatá ki he nofoʻangá, ne fāʻofua ʻa e kakai fefiné kiate kinautolu ʻo fekita mo kinautolu. Naʻe ongo lahi ki he kau tangatá ni pea naʻe ʻikai ke nau lava ʻo leaʻaki ha foʻi lea ʻi ha vahaʻa taimi, ka nau kukuta fakalongolongo pē ʻo ʻikai fakahaaʻi ha faʻahinga… ongo. … Neongo ia, naʻe ʻikai fuoloa, kuo holoholo hifo ʻa e ngaahi ongoʻi fiefiá, he naʻe tātātaha ke mātā ha faʻahinga feʻiloaki mo e lulululu fiefia pehē, lea talitali fiefia pea mo hano toutou takua pehē e ngaahi tāpuaki ʻa e ʻOtuá!”2
Ko hono Fokotuʻu ʻo e Ngaahi Fāmili Mālohí
Kuo hoko mai mei he kau paionia toʻa ko iá ha ngaahi tukufakaholo mo ha tofiʻa kuó ne fakatupu ha ngaahi fāmili mālohi ne nau tokoni lahi ki he fakahihifo ʻo e ʻIunaiteti Siteití pea mo e toenga ʻo e māmaní.
Naʻe fakaafeʻi au ki ha maʻu-meʻatokoni ʻi he ngaahi taʻu lahi kuo hilí naʻe fai ʻe ha kautaha fakatau koloa ko e teu fakaava ʻo ha falekoloa ʻe fā ʻi he feituʻu Sōleki Sití. Pea ʻi he ʻi ai ʻeku taukei fakapisinisí, ne u ʻeke ange ki he palesitení ʻi heʻema tangutu he veʻe tēpilé fekauʻaki mo ʻene loto lahi ke fakaava e falekoloá ʻe fā he taimi pē ʻe taha ʻi ha feituʻu kei foʻou ki he fakamāketí. Ko ʻene talí ko e meʻa pē ia naʻá ku ʻamanaki ki aí. Naʻá ne pehē ne ʻosi fakahoko ʻe heʻene kautahá ha fakatotolo ʻi he ngaahi feituʻu kolo lalahí kotoa ʻi he ʻIunaiteti Siteití. Naʻe fie maʻu ʻe he kautahá ke nau ʻilo pe ko e fē ʻi he ngaahi feituʻu ko ʻení ʻoku tuʻu lelei taha ki ha falekoloa lalahi ʻe manakoa ki he ngaahi fāmili foʻoú. Naʻe fika ʻuluaki he fonuá kotoa ʻa e feituʻu Sōlekí, ʻa e feituʻu ne taumuʻa ki ai e fononga ʻa e kau fuofua paioniá.
Naʻe toe ʻilo foki ʻe he kautahá mei heʻenau fakatotoló ko e kakai ngāue ʻi Sōlekí ʻoku ʻiloa he faitotonú mo e faʻa ngāué. Vakai ange ki aí, ʻoku kei hā pē ha tukufakaholo fakapaionia ʻi he toʻu tangata hono tolu mo hono faá he feituʻú ni.
Neongo ia, naʻá ku moʻutāfuʻua ʻi ha fakamatala fakasitetisitika ne fou mai ʻi hoku tesí ki muí ni mai. ʻOku pehē ai ko ha peseti pē ʻe 7 ʻo e fānau ʻoku ohi hake ʻi he ʻIunaiteti Siteití he ʻahó ni, ʻoku nau omi mei ha ngaahi ʻapi maheni ʻa ia ʻoku ʻi ai ha tamai ʻoku ngāue, mo ha faʻē ʻoku nofo ʻi ʻapi, pea ʻi ai mo ha fānau kehe ʻe toko taha pe lahi ange he toko uá.3 ʻOku tau mamata he ʻaho kotoa ki he nunuʻa ʻo e movete ʻa e ngaahi fāmili tukufakaholó. ʻOku fakautuutu lahi fau e tokolahi ʻo e ngaahi uaifi faingataʻaʻiá, fānau kuo ngaohikovia fakaesino mo fakasekisualé, maumauʻi ʻo e ngaahi ʻapiakó, lahi ʻo e faihia ʻa e toʻu taʻu hongofulu tupú, feitama ʻi he toʻu taʻu hongofulu tupu teʻeki malí, mo e kau toulekeleka ʻoku fakatōtōlaʻā taʻe ʻi ai ha ʻofa mei honau kāingá.
Kuo ʻosi fakatokanga mai e kau palōfitá kiate kitautolu ko e ʻapí ʻa e feituʻu lelei taha ke fakahaofi ai ʻa e sōsaietí.4 Ko e ʻapi leleí foki, ʻoku ʻikai faʻu tupukoso pē ʻi he taimi ʻoku feʻofaʻaki ai ha tamasiʻi mo ha taʻahine peá na mali. ʻOku faʻu ʻaki ia ha ngaahi ʻulungaanga lelei naʻe akoʻi ʻi he ngaahi ʻapi paioniá—ʻa e tuí, loto toʻá, mapuleʻi kitá, pea mo e līʻoá—ʻo ne ʻai ha nofomali ke ola lelei. Pea hangē ko hono ʻai ʻe he kau paioniá ʻa e toafá ke matala hangē ha losé, ʻe pehē pē mo ʻetau moʻuí mo hotau ngaahi fāmilí haʻane matala ʻo kapau te tau muimui heʻenau ngaahi sīpingá mo pukepuke ʻenau ngaahi tukufakaholó. ʻIo, ʻoku fie maʻu e tui fakapaioniá he māmaní ʻi he ʻahó ni ʻo tatau pē mo ha toe kuonga. Toe fakaongo atu, ʻoku fie maʻu ke tau ʻilo e tukufakaholo ko iá. ʻOku fie maʻu ke tau akoʻi ia, ʻoku fie maʻu ke tau laukauʻaki, pea ʻoku fie maʻu ke tau pukepuke ia.
Hono ʻikai ke tau monūʻia lahi. Ko e hā leva e fatongia ʻo ʻetau ʻiló mo ʻetau mahinó. ʻOku pehē naʻe tala ʻe ʻAnolo Pāma (Arnold Palmer), ko ha taha tāpulu ʻAmelika ʻiloa, “ʻOku ʻikai ko e ikuná pē, ka koe fie ikuná.” He kupuʻi lea maʻongoʻonga: “Ko e fie ikuná.”
ʻOku foaki mai ʻe he ʻOtuá ha holi ke tau fie ikuna ʻa e meʻaʻofa maʻongoʻonga taha ʻi he ngaahi meʻaʻofa kotoa kuó Ne foaki ki Heʻene fānaú—ʻa e meʻaʻofa ʻo e moʻui taʻengatá. ʻOfa ke tāpuakiʻi kitautolu ʻe he ʻOtuá ke mahino kiate kitautolu ʻa e meʻa te tau malavá, ke tau ako pea mo tupulaki pea mo fakalakalaka ʻa e mahino ki hotau tukufakaholó pea mo loto fakapapau ke pukepuke ʻa e ngaahi meʻaʻofa ko ia kuo foaki mai kiate kitautolu ko ʻEne fānaú. ʻOku fakahoko atu ʻeku fakamoʻoni mamalu ʻoku moʻui ʻa e ʻOtuá, ko e Kalaisí ʻa Sīsū, pea ʻe tataki kitautolu Heʻene foungá ki he moʻui taʻengatá.
Handcart Pioneers, faʻu ʻe Minerva Teichert © IRI, ʻi he angalelei ʻa e Musiume Hisitōlia ʻo e Siasí
Ephraim Hanks Arrives at the Martin Company, faʻu ʻe Clark Kelley Price, ʻikai ke lava ʻo ʻai hano tatau; tā fakatātaaʻi ʻo e ʻatá ʻe Craig Dimond mo Cody Bell