Appendix

Additional Vocabulary

Ntaub Ntawv Ntxiv Tom Kawg: Tej Lo Lus Ntxiv

Parts of Speech

Tej Feem Lus

adjectives	tej lus piav txog tej yam yus ua
adverbs	tej lus piav yus ua zoo li cas
nouns	tej lus txog khoom los yog chaw
prepositions	tej lus txog kev nyob qhov twg
pronouns	tej lus pauv lub npe
verbs	tej lus txog kev ua li cas

Numbers

Najnpawb

0 – zero
1 – one	1st – first
2 – two	2nd – second
3 – three	3rd – third
4 – four	4th – fourth
5 – five	5th – fifth
6 – six	6th – sixth
7 – seven	7th – seventh
8 – eight	8th – eighth
9 – nine	9th – ninth
10 – ten	10th – tenth
11 – eleven	11th – eleventh
12 – twelve	12th – twelfth
13 – thirteen	13th – thirteenth
14 – fourteen	14th – fourteenth
15 – fifteen	15th – fifteenth
16 – sixteen	16th – sixteenth
17 – seventeen	17th – seventeenth
18 – eighteen	18th – eighteenth
19 – nineteen	19th – nineteenth
20 – twenty	20th – twentieth
21 – twenty-one	21st – twenty-first
30 – thirty	30th – thirtieth
31 – thirty-one	31st – thirty-first
40 – forty	40th – fortieth
41 – forty-one	41st – forty-first
50 – fifty	50th – fiftieth
51 – fifty-one	51st – fifty-first
60 – sixty	60th – sixtieth
61 – sixty-one	61st – sixty-first
70 – seventy	70th – seventieth
71 – seventy-one	71st – seventy-first
80 – eighty	80th – eightieth
81 – eighty-one	81st – eighty-first
90 – ninety	90th – ninetieth
91 – ninety-one	91st – ninety-first
100 – one hundred	100th – one hundredth
1,000 – one thousand
10,000 – ten thousand
1,000,000 – one million

Months

Hli

January	Ib Hlis Ntuj
February	Ob Hlis Ntuj
March	Peb Hlis Ntuj
April	Plaub Hlis Ntuj
May	Tsib Hlis Ntuj
June	Rau Hli Ntuj
July	Xya Hli Ntuj
August	Yim Hli Ntuj
September	Cuaj Hlis Ntuj
October	Kaum Hli Ntuj
November	Kaum Ib Hlis Ntuj
December	Kaum Ob Hlis Ntuj

Days of the Week

Hnub hauv lub Lim Tiam

Sunday	Hnub Xya
Monday	Hnub Ib
Tuesday	Hnub Ob
Wednesday	Hnub Peb
Thursday	Hnub Plaub
Friday	Hnub Tsib
Saturday	Hnub Rau

Family Nouns

Tej Lus txog Tsev Neeg

spouse/spouses	txij nkawm
wife/wives	tus poj niam
husband/husbands	tus txiv
mother (mom)/mothers	niam
stepmother (stepmom)/stepmothers	niam tshiab
mother-in-law/mothers-in-law	niam tais (poj niam niam)
father (dad)/fathers	txiv
stepfather (stepdad)/stepfathers	txiv tshiab
father-in-law/fathers-in-law	yawm txiv
parent/parents	niam los txiv
sister/sisters	muam/viv ncaus
stepsister/stepsisters	muam tshiab/viv ncaus tshiab
brother/brothers	tij laug/kwv/nus
stepbrother/stepbrothers	kwv tij tshiab/nus tshiab
daughter/daughters	ntxhais
sibling/siblings	nus muag
son/sons	tub
child/children	me nyuam
grandmother (grandma)/grandmothers	pog/niam tais
grandfather (grandpa)/grandfathers	yawg/yawm txiv
grandparent/grandparents	pog/niam tais/yawg/yawm txiv
aunt/aunts	phauj/niam ntxawm/niam hlob
uncle/uncles	txiv hlob/dab laug
niece/nieces	txiv hlob/txiv ntxawm tus ntxhais
nephew/nephews	txiv hlob/txiv ntawm tus tub
cousin/cousins	kwv tij kwv npawg

Food Nouns

Zaub Mov

breakfast	tshais
lunch	su
dinner	hmo

fruit/fruits	txiv
apple/apples	txiv avpaum
banana/bananas	txiv tsawb
grape/grapes	txiv hmab
orange/oranges	txiv orange
tomato/tomatoes	txiv lws suav
watermelon/watermelons	dib liab

vegetable/vegetables	zaub
carrot/carrots	zaub lauj pwm
cucumber/cucumbers	dib
lettuce	zaub qhwv
onion/onions	dos
pepper/peppers	kua txob

meat	nqaij
beef	nqaij nyuj
chicken	nqaij qaib
fish	nqaij ntses
pork	nqaij npua
egg/eggs	qe

beans	taum
bread	mov mog
butter	mis roj
cheese	cheese
dessert	khoom qab zib
flour	hmoov nplej
fries	qos yaj ywv
hamburger (burger)	hamburger (burger)
ice	dej khov
milk	mis nyuj
noodles	mij
oil	roj
pizza	pizza
rice	txhuv
salad	xalas
salt	ntsev
sandwich	sandwich
sauce	kua nyeem
soup	kua zaub
spices	txuj lom
sugar	piam thaj
water	dej

Prepositions

Tej Lus txog Kev Nyob Qhov Twg

above	saum
across from	sab tid
at	ntawm
behind	tom qab
below	hauv qab
between	nruab nrab
in front of	hauv ntej
in	hauv
near	ze
next to	ntawm ib sab
on	saum
over	saum
to the left of	sab laug
to the right of	sab xis
under	hauv qab

Pronouns and Possessive Adjectives

Tej Lus Pauv lub Npe thiab Tej Lus Piav Tias Muaj

Subject Pronoun Tej Lus Pauv tus Ua	Object Pronoun Tej Lus Pauv tus Hais Txog	Possessive Adjective Tej Lus Piav Leej Twg Muaj
Subject Pronoun Tej Lus Pauv tus Ua Example: I am happy. Kuv zoo siab.	Object Pronoun Tej Lus Pauv tus Hais Txog Example: Ann is bigger than me. Ann loj dua kuv.	Possessive Adjective Tej Lus Piav Leej Twg Muaj Example: My name is Tom. Kuv lub npe hu ua Tom.
Subject Pronoun Tej Lus Pauv tus Ua I	Object Pronoun Tej Lus Pauv tus Hais Txog me	Possessive Adjective Tej Lus Piav Leej Twg Muaj my
Subject Pronoun Tej Lus Pauv tus Ua you	Object Pronoun Tej Lus Pauv tus Hais Txog you	Possessive Adjective Tej Lus Piav Leej Twg Muaj your
Subject Pronoun Tej Lus Pauv tus Ua we	Object Pronoun Tej Lus Pauv tus Hais Txog us	Possessive Adjective Tej Lus Piav Leej Twg Muaj our
Subject Pronoun Tej Lus Pauv tus Ua he	Object Pronoun Tej Lus Pauv tus Hais Txog him	Possessive Adjective Tej Lus Piav Leej Twg Muaj his
Subject Pronoun Tej Lus Pauv tus Ua she	Object Pronoun Tej Lus Pauv tus Hais Txog her	Possessive Adjective Tej Lus Piav Leej Twg Muaj her
Subject Pronoun Tej Lus Pauv tus Ua it	Object Pronoun Tej Lus Pauv tus Hais Txog it	Possessive Adjective Tej Lus Piav Leej Twg Muaj its
Subject Pronoun Tej Lus Pauv tus Ua they	Object Pronoun Tej Lus Pauv tus Hais Txog them	Possessive Adjective Tej Lus Piav Leej Twg Muaj their

Currency

Nyiaj

A$	Audaliyas daulas
C$	Khanadas daulas
MX$	Mev peso
R$	Braziliam real
US$	Amelikas Teb Chaws daulas
€	euro
¥	Nyijpooj yen
£	pound sterling
¥	renminbi
R	South African rand