Scripture Helps
Genesis 37–41


“Genesis 37–41,” Scripture Helps: Old Testament (2025)

Scripture Helps

Genesis 37–41

Joseph was favored by the Lord and by his father, Jacob, but he was hated and envied by his brothers. Joseph’s brothers sold him to Potiphar in Egypt. The Lord was with Joseph in his afflictions. He prospered in Potiphar’s house until he was wrongly accused and sent to prison. Joseph prospered in prison and interpreted the dreams of Pharaoh’s chief butler and baker. Joseph then interpreted the dreams of Pharaoh himself, which warned of a coming famine. Pharaoh made Joseph a ruler in Egypt, and Joseph implemented a plan to store food in preparation for the famine.

Resources

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Background and Context

Genesis 37–45

How was Joseph similar to Jesus Christ?

Many aspects of Joseph’s life can remind us of Jesus Christ. The following are some examples:

Passages about Joseph

Similarities between Joseph and Jesus Christ

Passages about Jesus Christ

Passages about Joseph

Genesis 37:3

Similarities between Joseph and Jesus Christ

They were beloved sons.

Passages about Jesus Christ

Matthew 3:17; Moses 4:2

Passages about Joseph

Genesis 37:4

Similarities between Joseph and Jesus Christ

They were rejected by some of their father’s other children.

Passages about Jesus Christ

Isaiah 53:3; John 1:11

Passages about Joseph

Genesis 37:18

Similarities between Joseph and Jesus Christ

Conspiring men united against them.

Passages about Jesus Christ

Matthew 26:3–4

Passages about Joseph

Genesis 37:23

Similarities between Joseph and Jesus Christ

They were stripped of their clothing.

Passages about Jesus Christ

Matthew 27:28

Passages about Joseph

Genesis 37:26

Similarities between Joseph and Jesus Christ

They were betrayed by men named Judah (“Judas” is the Greek form of the Hebrew name Judah).

Passages about Jesus Christ

Matthew 27:3

Passages about Joseph

Genesis 37:28

Similarities between Joseph and Jesus Christ

They were sold for the price of a slave in their day—Joseph for 20 pieces of silver and Christ for 30.

Passages about Jesus Christ

Matthew 27:3

Passages about Joseph

Genesis 37:29

Similarities between Joseph and Jesus Christ

Joseph’s oldest brother looked for him in an empty pit; Christ’s senior Apostle looked for him in an empty tomb.

Passages about Jesus Christ

John 20:3–6

Passages about Joseph

Genesis 39:10

Similarities between Joseph and Jesus Christ

They overcame great temptation.

Passages about Jesus Christ

Hebrews 4:15; Doctrine and Covenants 20:22

Passages about Joseph

Genesis 39:12–18

Similarities between Joseph and Jesus Christ

They were falsely accused of wickedness.

Passages about Jesus Christ

Matthew 26:59

Passages about Joseph

Genesis 40:8; 41:16

Similarities between Joseph and Jesus Christ

They gave God the glory for the good things they did.

Passages about Jesus Christ

John 8:28–29

Passages about Joseph

Genesis 42:8; 45:3–5

Similarities between Joseph and Jesus Christ

They were not recognized by those who should have known them.

Passages about Jesus Christ

John 6:42

Passages about Joseph

Genesis 45:1–5

Similarities between Joseph and Jesus Christ

Joseph revealed himself to his brothers when they came the second time. Jesus Christ will reveal Himself to the world at His Second Coming.

Passages about Jesus Christ

Matthew 24:30–31; Doctrine and Covenants 45:51–53

Passages about Joseph

Genesis 45:3–5

Similarities between Joseph and Jesus Christ

They willingly forgave those who repented.

Passages about Jesus Christ

Mosiah 26:30

Passages about Joseph

Genesis 42:35; 45:7

Similarities between Joseph and Jesus Christ

They were saviors to their people and provided them with lifesaving bread.

Passages about Jesus Christ

John 4:42; 6:35, 51; Alma 5:34

Genesis 37:3

What was the coat given to Joseph?

The Hebrew word translated as “coat” in the King James Version of the Bible can also refer to a “garment,” “robe,” or “tunic.” Scholars have suggested that the phrase “coat of many colors” might describe a richly embroidered garment that reached to the palms and feet. It is possible that Joseph received this coat to represent his role as Jacob’s birthright son. Joseph’s garment, along with his dreams and his father’s favor, contributed to his brothers’ jealousy of him.

Genesis 37:3, 23

What does the Book of Mormon teach about Joseph’s coat?

In the Book of Mormon, Captain Moroni provided additional information about Joseph’s coat that is not recorded in the Bible. He explained that Joseph’s brothers tore his coat to pieces and that one of the pieces was preserved. Joseph’s father, Jacob, later prophesied that the remaining piece of Joseph’s coat symbolized a remnant of Joseph’s seed who would be preserved by God. The Nephites and Lamanites in the Book of Mormon were a “remnant of the seed of Joseph.” The Lord promised that Joseph’s posterity “should never perish as long as the earth should stand.”

Joseph’s brothers taking away his coat

Illustration of Joseph’s brothers taking away his coat, by Sam Lawlor

Genesis 37:34

Why did Jacob rend his coat and put on sackcloth?

People in the Old Testament would often perform traditional acts or signs to express grief. Jacob rent his coat and put on sackcloth when he believed Joseph had died. Sackcloth was a coarse material made of goat or camel hair that was worn during times of mourning or repentance. Wearing sackcloth was often accompanied by the tearing of one’s clothes.

Genesis 38:6–30

What do we understand about what took place between Judah and Tamar?

Ancient Israelites followed a marriage custom that came to be known as “levirate marriage.” Levir is Latin for “husband’s brother.” According to this customary law, a childless widow was entitled to marry her husband’s next oldest brother or his closest living male relative. Children born in these levirate marriages would be raised on behalf of the woman’s deceased husband and were considered his children, not his living brother’s. Levirate marriages also secured needed support for the widow and an inheritance within the family.

After Tamar’s first two husbands—Judah’s older sons—died, Judah promised her that his third son, Shelah, would be her husband when he was grown. When Judah did not keep this promise, Tamar resorted to deception in order to conceive a child with Judah. Levirate marriage customs would have allowed for Judah himself to marry Tamar if she could not marry any of his sons.

Tamar likely knew that her actions could have serious consequences. When Judah directed that Tamar be burned after he learned that she was pregnant, Tamar used the signet, bracelets, and staff that Judah had given her as evidence that he was the father. Judah admitted his sin and declared, “She hath been more righteous than I.” Tamar’s life was spared and she gave birth to twin sons. Through her son Pharez, Tamar would become an ancestor of Jesus Christ.

Genesis 41:1

How long was Joseph in prison?

Joseph was in prison for two years after he interpreted the dreams of the chief butler and baker. He was sold into slavery when he was about 17, and he was 30 years of age when Pharaoh appointed him to be second-in-command over Egypt. Altogether, he spent about 13 years in Potiphar’s house and in prison. The record does not tell how long Joseph served Potiphar before his imprisonment, but the fact that he worked his way up to be the overseer of the prison implies some period of time before the butler and baker joined him. It is possible that Joseph was in prison for three years or longer.

an illustration of Joseph of Egypt in prison

Joseph of Egypt in Prison, by Jeff Ward

Genesis 41:2–5

What were kine and corn?

Kine is another word for “cattle,” and the phrase “ears of corn” is used to represent several types of grain, such as wheat and barley.

Genesis 41:45

What was the meaning of Joseph’s Egyptian name?

The Egyptian meaning of the name Zaphnath-paaneah is unclear. Some suggestions for the meaning include “he who reveals that which is hidden” or “the God speaks and lives.”

Learn More

Joseph as a type of Christ

Joseph’s faithfulness amid trials

The law of chastity

  • Topics and Questions, “Chastity,” Gospel Library

Joseph’s prophecy of famine and plenty

  • W. Christopher Waddell, “There Was Bread,” Ensign or Liahona, Nov. 2020, 42–45

Media

Images

Joseph’s brothers decide to sell him to Egyptian merchants

Image of Joseph sold into Egypt by William Brassey Hole (1846–1917) William Brassey Hole / Private Collection / © Look and Learn / Bridgeman Images

Joseph’s brothers selling him to Egyptian merchants

Joseph Is Sold by His Brothers, by Ted Henninger

five women in robes, representing Mary, Ruth, Bathsheba, Rahab, and Tamar

Women in Christ’s Line, by Sallie Clinton Poet

Joseph interpreting the butler’s and baker’s dreams

Joseph and the Butler and Baker (Joseph Interprets the Pharaoh’s Servants’ Dreams), by Del Parson

Joseph interpreting the butler’s and baker’s dreams

Joseph Interpreting the Butler and Baker’s Dreams, by François Gérard

Joseph interpreting the Pharaoh’s dream

Joseph, the Dream Interpreter, by Kristi Kirisberg Harmon

Notes

  1. See Paul Y. Hoskisson, “The Plan of Salvation in the First Six Books of the Old Testament,” in The Gospel of Jesus Christ in the Old Testament, ed. D. Kelly Ogden and others (2009), 55.

  2. Twenty pieces of silver was the price specified in the law of Moses for a slave between the ages of 5 and 20 (see Leviticus 27:5). Typically, the price for a slave was 30 pieces of silver (see Exodus 21:32).

  3. Tremper Longman III and Mark L. Strauss, The Baker Expository Dictionary of Biblical Words (2023), entry 3801, page 972.

  4. See Carol Frogley Ellertson, “The Sanctifying Power of True Ritual Worship,” in The Gospel of Jesus Christ in the Old Testament, ed. Ogden and others, 103. Susan Easton Black notes, “The suggestion that the coat had many colors comes from the Greek translation of Genesis” (400 Questions and Answers About the Old Testament [2013], 57).

  5. Although Reuben was Jacob’s firstborn son, he lost his birthright because of sin (see Genesis 49:3–4). “Reuben’s birthright went to Joseph and his sons because Joseph was the firstborn son of Jacob’s second wife, Rachel” (Guide to the Scriptures, “Reuben,” Gospel Library).

  6. See Genesis 37:11.

  7. See Alma 46:23–24.

  8. Alma 46:23; 3 Nephi 10:17; see also Jacob 2:25; 3 Nephi 15:12.

  9. 2 Nephi 25:21; see also 2 Nephi 3:16.

  10. See Richard Neitzel Holzapfel and others, Jehovah and the World of the Old Testament: An Illustrated Reference for Latter-day Saints (2009), 245; Longman and Strauss, The Baker Expository Dictionary, “Sackcloth,” 699.

  11. See Bible Dictionary, “Levirate Marriage.”

  12. Camille Fronk Olson, “The Matriarchs: Administrators of God’s Covenantal Blessings,” in From Creation to Sinai: The Old Testament through the Lens of the Restoration, ed. Daniel L. Belnap and Aaron P. Schade (2021), 413.

  13. See Deuteronomy 25:5–6.

  14. See Olson, “The Matriarchs,” 412–13.

  15. See Olson, “The Matriarchs,” 413.

  16. Although Tamar’s motives to have children with Judah, who was responsible for her, may have been good, the deceptive means and subsequent immorality were wrong.

  17. Genesis 38:26. This account provides a contrast between Judah’s immorality and Joseph’s righteousness in refusing the advances of Potiphar’s wife recorded in Genesis 39.

  18. See Matthew 1:3.

  19. See Genesis 41:1.

  20. See Genesis 37:2; see also Genesis 41:46.

  21. See Bible Dictionary, “Kine,” “Corn.”

  22. Bible Dictionary, “Zaphnath-paaneah.”

  23. Earl D. Radmacher and others, eds., NKJV Study Bible, 3rd ed. (2018), 70, note on Genesis 41:45.