Appendix

Additional Vocabulary

Parau hi’u : Pu’e ta’o hau atu ā

Parts of Speech

Mau tuha’a o te a’ora’a

adjectives	ha’apāpū i’oa
adverbs	piri ihoparau
nouns	i’oa noa
prepositions	nāmuai’oa
pronouns	mono i’oa
verbs	ihoparau

Numbers

nūmera

0 – zero
1 – one	1st – first
2 – two	2nd – second
3 – three	3rd – third
4 – four	4th – fourth
5 – five	5th – fifth
6 – six	6th – sixth
7 – seven	7th – seventh
8 – eight	8th – eighth
9 – nine	9th – ninth
10 – ten	10th – tenth
11 – eleven	11th – eleventh
12 – twelve	12th – twelfth
13 – thirteen	13th – thirteenth
14 – fourteen	14th – fourteenth
15 – fifteen	15th – fifteenth
16 – sixteen	16th – sixteenth
17 – seventeen	17th – seventeenth
18 – eighteen	18th – eighteenth
19 – nineteen	19th – nineteenth
20 – twenty	20th – twentieth
21 – twenty-one	21st – twenty-first
30 – thirty	30th – thirtieth
31 – thirty-one	31st – thirty-first
40 – forty	40th – fortieth
41 – forty-one	41st – forty-first
50 – fifty	50th – fiftieth
51 – fifty-one	51st – fifty-first
60 – sixty	60th – sixtieth
61 – sixty-one	61st – sixty-first
70 – seventy	70th – seventieth
71 – seventy-one	71st – seventy-first
80 – eighty	80th – eightieth
81 – eighty-one	81st – eighty-first
90 – ninety	90th – ninetieth
91 – ninety-one	91st – ninety-first
100 – one hundred	100th – one hundredth
1,000 – one thousand
10,000 – ten thousand
1,000,000 – one million

Months

’āva’e

January	Tēnuare
February	Fepuare
March	Māti
April	’Ēperēra
May	Mē
June	Tiunu
July	Tiurai
August	’Ātete
September	Tetepa
October	’Ātopa
November	Novema
December	Tītema

Days of the Week

Mau mahana o te hepetoma

Sunday	Sābati
Monday	Mōnirē
Tuesday	Mahana piti
Wednesday	Mahana toru
Thursday	Mahana maha
Friday	Mahana pae
Saturday	Mahana mā’a

Family Nouns

Pa’era’a

spouse/spouses	vahine fa’aipoipo/mau vahine fa’aipoipo
wife/wives	vahine/mau vahine
husband/husbands	tāne/mau tāne
mother (mom)/mothers	metua vahine (māmā)/mau metua vahine
stepmother (stepmom)/stepmothers	metua vahine fa’a’amu/mau metua vahine fa’a’amu
mother-in-law/mothers-in-law	metua vahine ho’ovai/mau metua vahine ho’ovai
father (dad)/fathers	metua tāne (pāpā)/te mau metua tāne
stepfather (stepdad)/stepfathers	metua tāne fa’a’amu/mau metua tāne fa’a’amu
father-in-law/fathers-in-law	metua tāne ho’ovai/mau metua tāne ho’ovai
parent/parents	metua/nā metua
sister/sisters	tuahine/mau tuahine
stepsister/stepsisters	tuahine fa’a’amu/mau tuahine fa’a’amu
brother/brothers	taea’e/mau taea’e
stepbrother/stepbrothers	taea’e fa’a’amu/mau taea’e fa’a’amu
daughter/daughters	tamāhine/mau tamāhine
sibling/siblings	taea’e tuahine/mau taea’e tuahine
son/sons	tamaiti/mau tamaiti
child/children	tamari’i/mau tamari’i
grandmother (grandma)/grandmothers	māmā rū’au (māmā’ū)/mau māmā rū’au
grandfather (grandpa)/grandfathers	pāpā rū’au (pāpā’ū/mau pāpā rū’au
grandparent/grandparents	metua pa’ari/mau metua pa’ari
aunt/aunts	pātea ’ino vāhine/mau pātea ’ino vāhine
uncle/uncles	pā’ino tāne/mau pā’ino tāne
niece/nieces	tamāhine fēti’i/mau tamāhine fēti’i
nephew/nephews	tamāiti fēti’i/mau tamāiti fēti’i
cousin/cousins	vaitaea’e/mau vaitaea’e

Food Nouns

Mau i’oa o te mā’a

breakfast	inura’a’a tī/tāmā’ara’a i te po’ipo’i
lunch	tāmā’ara’a i te avatea
dinner	tāmā’ara’a i te ahiahi

fruit/fruits	hotu/mau hotu
apple/apples	’āpara/mau ’āpara
banana/bananas	mei’a/mau mei’a
grape/grapes	pūpā vine/mau pūpā vine
orange/oranges	’ānani/mau ’ānani
tomato/tomatoes	tōmāti/mau tōmāti
watermelon/watermelons	merēni/mau merēni

vegetable/vegetables	mā’a tupu/mau mā’a tupu
carrot/carrots	tāroti/mau tāroti
cucumber/cucumbers	tōtoma/mau tōtoma
lettuce	rētū/mau rētū
onion/onions	’ōniāni/mau ’ōniāni
pepper/peppers	pēpa/mau pēpa

meat	’i’o ’ānīmara
beef	pua’atoro
chicken	moa
fish	i’a
pork	pua’a
egg/eggs	huero moa/mau huero moa

beans	pipi
bread	faraoa
butter	pata
cheese	pata pa’ari
dessert	mā’a hope’a
flour	faraoa ota
fries	’ūmara pūtete farai
hamburger (burger)	faraoa tā’īna’i (tā’īna’i)
ice	pape pa’ari
milk	ū
noodles	nuī
oil	hinu
pizza	pai ’eu tā’īna’i
rice	raiti
salad	rētū
salt	miti papa’a
sandwich	’īnana’i
sauce	vairanu
soup	tihōpu
spices	fa’ano’ano’a mā’a
sugar	tihota
water	pape

Prepositions

Mau nāmuai’oa

above	i ni’a
across from	i ni’a ia, nō ni’a ia
at	i
behind	i muri
below	i raro
between	i rotopū
in front of	i mua i te, i mua ia
in	i roto
near	i pīha’i
next to	i muri mai i te, i muri mai ia
on	i ni’a
over	i ni’a a’e
to the left of	i te ’aui ’o
to the right of	i te ’atau ’o
under	i raro a’e

Pronouns and Possessive Adjectives

Mau mono i’oa ’e te mau ha’apāpū i’oa fa’afatu

Subject Pronoun Mono i’oa o te tumu ha’a	Object Pronoun Mono i’oa o te tumu ’ohipa	Possessive Adjective Ha’apāpū i’oa fa’afatu
Subject Pronoun Mono i’oa o te tumu ha’a Example: I am happy. E mea ’oa’oa vau .	Object Pronoun Mono i’oa o te tumu ’ohipa Example: Ann is bigger than me. E mea rahi a’e Ann iā’u	Possessive Adjective Ha’apāpū i’oa fa’afatu Example: My name is Tom. ’O Tom tō’u i’oa.
Subject Pronoun Mono i’oa o te tumu ha’a I	Object Pronoun Mono i’oa o te tumu ’ohipa me	Possessive Adjective Ha’apāpū i’oa fa’afatu my
Subject Pronoun Mono i’oa o te tumu ha’a you	Object Pronoun Mono i’oa o te tumu ’ohipa you	Possessive Adjective Ha’apāpū i’oa fa’afatu your
Subject Pronoun Mono i’oa o te tumu ha’a we	Object Pronoun Mono i’oa o te tumu ’ohipa us	Possessive Adjective Ha’apāpū i’oa fa’afatu our
Subject Pronoun Mono i’oa o te tumu ha’a he	Object Pronoun Mono i’oa o te tumu ’ohipa him	Possessive Adjective Ha’apāpū i’oa fa’afatu his
Subject Pronoun Mono i’oa o te tumu ha’a she	Object Pronoun Mono i’oa o te tumu ’ohipa her	Possessive Adjective Ha’apāpū i’oa fa’afatu her
Subject Pronoun Mono i’oa o te tumu ha’a it	Object Pronoun Mono i’oa o te tumu ’ohipa it	Possessive Adjective Ha’apāpū i’oa fa’afatu its
Subject Pronoun Mono i’oa o te tumu ha’a they	Object Pronoun Mono i’oa o te tumu ’ohipa them	Possessive Adjective Ha’apāpū i’oa fa’afatu their

Currency

Huru moni

A$	tārā Auterāria
C$	tārā Tanata
MX$	Peso Mehiko
R$	raera Peretīria
US$	tārā Marite
€	’euro
¥	yen Tāpōnē
£	pene sterling
¥	renminbi (moni Tāina)
R	rand ’Āfirita apato’a