Church History
Joseph Smith’s Revelations, Doctrine and Covenants 105

“Doctrine and Covenants 105,” Joseph Smith’s Revelations: A Doctrine and Covenants Study Companion from the Joseph Smith Papers (2020)

“Doctrine and Covenants 105,” Joseph Smith’s Revelations: A Doctrine and Covenants Study Companion from the Joseph Smith Papers

Doctrine and Covenants 105

Revelation, 22 June 1834

Source Note

Revelation, Clay Co., MO, 22 June 1834. Featured version copied [between ca. 23 June 1834 and 5 July 1835] in Revelation Book 1, pp. 199–[201]; handwriting of John Whitmer; CHL. Includes redactions. For more information, see the source note for Revelation Book 1 on the Joseph Smith Papers website.

Historical Introduction

JS dictated this 22 June 1834 revelation at the campsite of the Camp of Israel on the property of John Cooper, a church member who lived about four miles north of Fishing River in Clay County, Missouri.1 The revelation told members of the Camp of Israel that for the present they were no longer required to redeem Zion by restoring church members to their Jackson County, Missouri, lands. By 22 June, it had become apparent that church members would not be able to enter Jackson County without bloodshed, particularly since Governor Daniel Dunklin seemed reluctant to call out the militia to escort them into the county.2 One resident of Lexington County, Missouri, reported on 20 June, “Should they cross the river” into Jackson County, “there will be a battle, and probably much blood shed.”3

Even with Dunklin unwilling to call out the militia, JS still seemed determined to have the camp press on. Charles C. Rich recorded in his journal that a council was held once news of Dunklin’s reluctance was received, and it was “decided that we should go on armed and equiped.”4 However, on 21 June, Cornelius Gilliam, sheriff of Clay County, along with a delegation of men from Clay and Ray counties, conversed with JS and members of the camp, informing them of the great alarm the expedition had caused among many western Missouri residents. To help alleviate the tense situation, JS and others signed a statement on 21 June, indicating that the camp did not intend “to commence hostilities against any man or boddy of men” and that they were willing to work toward a peaceful solution to the issues, even offering a proposal that church members purchase the land of those not willing to live in Jackson County if the Saints returned.5

The following day, JS held a council “to determine what steps” the camp should take.6 During the council, he dictated this revelation, which, according to camp participant Joseph Holbrook, “show[ed] the mind of God concerning the redemption of Zion.”7 According to the revelation, the Lord did not require the camp to redeem Zion through military force at that time. The revelation stated that before Zion could be redeemed, the church’s elders needed to obtain an “endowment of power” in the House of the Lord that was being constructed in Kirtland, Ohio. The revelation also declared that Zion could have been redeemed had church members living outside of Missouri been willing to provide financial support to the Camp of Israel expedition.8

The revelation went on to reiterate directions given in previous revelations that Saints outside of Missouri were to purchase lands in Jackson County and the surrounding areas and gather to those locations.9 At some point, the revelation intimated, the armies of Israel might be great enough for the Saints to reclaim their lost Jackson County lands, but until then, they should live humbly and peacefully with their neighbors. The revelation also stated that the Lord accepted the offering of those who had participated in the camp. Some camp participants later remembered the revelation indicating that their offering was like the biblical patriarch Abraham’s willingness to sacrifice his son Isaac, but that comparison is not in the revelation, suggesting that perhaps JS made that declaration to the camp independently.10

After camp members heard the revelation, some accepted it as “the word of the lord” and “rejoiced.”11 Nathan Baldwin, for example, recalled that the revelation “was the most acceptable to me of anything I had ever heard before, the gospel being the exception.”12 Others were not so enthusiastic. According to William Farrington Cahoon, “many in the camp murmured because we were not permited at this time to restore our Brethren & Sisters to their Homes and defend them there at all hazards.”13 George A. Smith remembered that “several of the brethren apostatized because they were not going to have the privilege of fighting.”14 Nathan Tanner also recalled that some declared “they had rether die than to return with out a fite.” and then “gave vent to their Rath on a patch of Pawpaw brush” some distance from the camp, mowing it “down like grass.”15 Regardless of these attitudes, the revelation, coupled with the visit from Gilliam’s delegation, apparently convinced JS to disband the camp, a process that began shortly thereafter. The dispersal was hastened by an outbreak of cholera, which some camp members interpreted as punishment from God for their rebellious attitudes. Expedition leaders gave official discharges to camp members in early July.16

Image
Fishing River, Clay County, Missouri.

Fishing River, Clay County, Missouri. Circa 1885. This river was the site of a major thunderstorm that occurred on 19 June 1834. Many members of the Camp of Israel regarded the storm as divine intervention to protect them from an army of men threatening to attack. Three days later, while camped about four miles north of Fishing River, Joseph Smith dictated a revelation instructing the Camp of Israel that its members were no longer required to redeem Zion at that time. (Church History Library, Salt Lake City. Photograph by George Edward Anderson.)

The original inscription of this revelation has not been located. Frederick G. Williams, who had already served as JS’s scribe during the expedition for a letter to Emma Hale Smith,17 may have been the original scribe of the revelation. John Whitmer, who arrived at the campsite on 22 June, apparently received a copy of the revelation at that time and may have recorded it in Revelation Book 1 as early as 23 June.18 Other Missouri church leaders, including William W. Phelps and John Corrill, made copies as well, though likely after Whitmer.19 Oliver Cowdery also made a copy of the revelation in Revelation Book 2 sometime after JS and others had returned to Kirtland.20

The revelation’s contents were apparently not broadcast widely,21 probably because of its declaration that once the Saints had assembled a large army, they would be justified in reclaiming their Jackson County lands and “throw[i]ng down the tower” of their enemies. The revelation was not included in the 1835 edition of the Doctrine and Covenants, and when it was first published in the 1844 edition, pseudonyms were used to refer to JS and the elders.22 However, the Saints who knew of the revelation acted quickly on some of its directions, including holding a meeting on 23 June to select those elders who would receive an endowment of power. In early July 1834, they also prepared an appeal for peace that was then published in the August 1834 issue of The Evening and the Morning Star.23

Revelation given 22 June 22, 1834. Clay Co. Mo.24

[1]Verily I say unto you, who have assembled25 together that you may learn my will, concerning the redemption of mine afflicted people; [2]behold I say unto you, were it not for the transgression of my people speaking concerning the church and not individuals,26 they might have been redeemed even now; [3]but behold, they have not learned to be obedient to the things which I require at their hands, but are full of all manner of evil and do not impart of their substanc[e] as becometh saints; to the poor and afflicted among them [4]and are not united, according to the union of required by the law of the celestial kingdom27 [5]and Zion cannot be built up unless it is by the principoles of the law of the Celestial kingdom otherwise, I cannot receive her unto my-self [6]and my people must needs be chastened, until they learn obedience if it must needs be by the [things]28 which they suffer.29 [7]I speak not concerning those who are appointed to lead my people who are the first elders of my church30 for they are not all under this condemnation, [8]but I speak concerning the church abroad, there are many who will say where is their god, Behold, he will deliver in time of trouble, otherwise we will not go up unto Zion, and will keep our monies.31

[9]Therefore in consequence of the transgression of my people, it is expedient in me that mine elders should wait for a little season for the redemption of Zion,32 [10]that they themselves may be prepared and that my people may be taught more perfectly, and have experience and know more perfectly concerning their duty, and the things which I require at their hands, [11]and this cannot be brought to pass until mine elders are endowed with power from on high, [12]for behold I have prepared a great endowment33 and blessing to be poured out upon them—34 in as much as they are faithful and continue in humility before me. [13]Therefore it is expedient in me, that mine elders should wait for a little season for the redemption of Zion, [14]For behold I do not require at their hands, to fight the battles of Zion. for as I have said in a former commandment even so I will fulfil. I will fight your battles,35 [15]behold the destroyer I have already sent forth to destroy and lay waste mine enemies, and not many years hence they shall not be left to pollute mine heritage, to blaspheme my name. [p. 199] upon the land which I have consecranted consecrated for the gathering together of my Saints.36

[16]Behold I have commanded my servant Joseph, to say to the strength of my house; even my wariers my young men and middle aged to gather to together for the redemption of my people and throw down the tower of mine enemies, and scatter their watchmen—37 [17]but the strength of my house has not hearkened unto unto my words, [18]but in as much as there are those that have hearkened unto my words, I have prepared a blessing and an endowment for them,38 [19]I have heard their prayers and will accept their offering, and it is expedient in me that they should be brought thus far, for a trial of their faith.

[20]And now verily I say unto you, a commandment I give unto you, that as many as have come up hither that can stay in the region round about, Let them stay, [21]and those who cannot stay, who have families in the east, let them tarry for a little season,39 in as much as my servant Joseph shall appoint unto them [22]for I will counsel him concerning this matter, And all things whatsoever is he shall appoint unto them shall be fulfilled [23]and let all my people who dwell in the region round about, be very faithful and prayerful and humb[l]e before me, and reveal not the things which I have revealed unto them,40 [24]Talk not of Judgment boast not of faith nor of mighty works,41 but carefully gather together42 in one region as can be consistently with the feeling of the people. [25]And Behold I will give unto you favor and grace in their eyes, that you may rest in peace and safety, whilst you are saying unto the people execute judgment Justice for us according to law, and redress us of our wrongs.43

[26]Now behold, I say unto you my friends, in this way you may find favor in the eyes of the people, until the armies of Israel become very great, [27]and I will soften the hearts of the people as I did I the heart of Pharioh44 from time to time, until my servant Joseph and mine elders whom he shall appoint shall have time to gather up the strength of my house; [28]and to have sent wise men to fulfil that which I have commanded concerning the purchasing of all the lands in Jackson County [p. 100 [200]] that can be purchased and in the adjoining Counties round about, [29]for it is my will, that these lands should be purchased45 that my saints should possess them according to the law of consecration, which I have given.46 [30]And after these lands are purchased I will hold the armies of Israel guiltless in taking possessions of their own lands47 and of throw[i]ng down the tower of mine enemies that may be upon them, and scattering their watchmen, and avengeing me of mine enemies, unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me.48 [31]But firstly let my army become very great, and let it be sanctified before me, that it may become fair as the Sun and clear as the moon, and that her banners may be terrable unto all nations,49 [32]that the kingdom of this world may be constrainned to acknowledge that the kingdom of Zion, is in very deed the kingdom of our God, and his Christ,

Therefore let us become subject unto her laws, [33]Verily I say unto you it is expedient in me, that the first elders of my church should receive their endowment from on high in mine house which I have commanded to be built unto my name in the land of Kirtland, [34]and let those commandments which I have given concerning Zion, and her law be executed and fulfilled after her redemption. [35]There has been a day of calling. but the time has come for a day of choosing, and let those be chosen that are worthy [36]and it shall be manifest unto my servant Joseph by the voice of the Spirit, those who are chosen,50 and they shall be sanctified, [37]and in as much as they, follow the counsels which they receive they shall have power after many days to accomplish all things partaining to Zion.

[38]<And> again I say unto you, sue for peace not only the people that have smitten you, but also to all people. [39]and lift up an ensign of peace, and make a proclamation of for peace unto the ends of the earth [40]and make proposals of <for> peace unto those who have smitten you, according to the voice of the spirit which is in you,51 and all thing shall work together for your good, [41]and be faithful52 and behold and low I am with you even unto the end. even so Amen [p. 101 [201]]

Notes

  1. Holbrook, Reminiscences, 37–38; “Amasa Lyman’s History,” Millennial Star, 12 Aug. 1865, 27:502.

  2. For more information about Dunklin’s attitude toward calling out the militia, see Historical Introduction to Declaration, 21 June 1834, in JSP, D4:60.

  3. “The Mormon Controversy,” Daily National Intelligencer (Washington DC), 23 July 1834, [3].

  4. Rich, Diary, 14 June 1834.

  5. Declaration, 21 June 1834, in JSP, D4:66.

  6. Cahoon, Autobiography, 43; Woodruff, Journal, May 1834. Edward Partridge later remembered that “after the arrival of the brethren from the east, a council was held” in which it was decided “that it would not be wisdom to ask the Governor” to call out a militia escort for the Saints. That council may have been this one on 22 June, or it could have been another council that John Whitmer attended on 21 June before meeting up with the Camp of Israel on 22 June. (“A History, of the Persecution,” Times and Seasons, Feb. 1840, 1:50, in JSP, H2:226; Whitmer, Daybook, 21 and 22 June 1834.)

  7. Holbrook, Reminiscences, 38.

  8. JS and others had spent a good portion of February, March, and April trying to raise money and recruit participants for the Camp of Israel. Accounts of the expedition indicate that church members contributed only a little over $330, necessitating camp members to donate nearly $1,700 of their own money for the expedition’s expenses. And while a February 1834 revelation had instructed JS and others to try to recruit as many as 500 men for the expedition, only 205 actually went. (Account with the Church of Christ, ca. 11–29 Aug. 1834, in JSP, D4:135; Revelation, 24 Feb. 1834 [D&C 103:30], herein; Kimball, “Journal and Record,” 11; see also Historical Introduction to Minutes, 17 Mar. 1834, in JSP, D3:484.)

  9. Revelation, 16–17 Dec. 1833 [D&C 101:67–74], herein; Revelation, 24 Feb. 1834 [D&C 103:23], herein.

  10. See, for example, McBride, Reminiscence, 6; Hancock, Autobiography, 147; and Kimball, “Journal and Record,” 18.

  11. Noble and Noble, Reminiscences, [8].

  12. Baldwin, Account of Zion’s Camp, 14.

  13. Cahoon, Autobiography, 43.

  14. George A. Smith, Autobiography, 38.

  15. Tanner, Address, [13].

  16. Cahoon, Autobiography, 43; Burgess, Autobiography, 2–3; Kimball, “Journal and Record,” 18. According to Heber C. Kimball, several members of the camp exhibited cholera symptoms on 21 June before the revelation was given, but other accounts indicate that cholera did not break out on a large scale until later. Camp members who died from cholera were John S. Carter, Albert Fisk, Seth Hitchcock, Warren Ingalls, Edward Ives, Noah Johnson, Jesse B. Lawson, Robert McCord, Betsy Parrish, Erastus Rudd, Jesse J. Smith, Elial Strong, and Eber Wilcox. Two other church members living in Missouri died as well: Sidney Gilbert and Phebe Murdock, a daughter of John and Julia Clapp Murdock who lived with the Gilberts. (Kimball, “Journal and Record,” 15; Burgess, Autobiography, 3; McBride, Reminiscence, 7; Parkin, “Zion’s Camp Cholera Victims Monument Dedication,” 4–5.)

  17. Letter to Emma Smith, 4 June 1834, in JSP, D4:53.

  18. Whitmer, Daybook, 22 and 23 June 1834.

  19. Both Phelps’s and Corrill’s copies are in Revelations Collection, CHL. Phelps also copied the revelation into a journal that he began in 1835. (Phelps, Diary and Notebook, 4–17 [second numbering].)

  20. Revelation, 22 June 1834, in Revelation Book 2, pp. 97–100, in JSP, MRB:611–617 [D&C 105].

  21. Eber D. Howe, a vocal critic of JS in 1834, was aware of the revelation but discussed it in generalities. The one quotation that he implied came from the revelation is not actually found in it, suggesting that Howe did not have a copy. (Howe, Mormonism Unvailed, 162.)

  22. Revelation, 22 June 1834, in Doctrine and Covenants 102, 1844 ed. [D&C 105].

  23. Minutes, 23 June 1834, in JSP, D4:80; “An Appeal,” The Evening and the Morning Star, Aug. 1834, 183–184. According to a later JS history, a council held in Missouri on 7 July 1834 sanctioned the appeal, although the extant minutes of the meeting do not mention it. (JS History, vol. A-1, 514; Minutes and Discourse, ca. 7 July 1834, in JSP, D4:93.)

  24. This heading may not have appeared in the original manuscript; John Whitmer may have added it when he copied the revelation into Revelation Book 1.

  25. The copies of the revelation in Revelation Book 2 and the 1844 edition of the Doctrine and Covenants insert “yourselves” here. (Revelation, 22 June 1834, in Revelation Book 2, p. 97, in JSP, MRB:611 [D&C 105:1]; Revelation, 22 June 1834, in Doctrine and Covenants 102:1, 1844 ed. [D&C 105:1].)

  26. William W. Phelps’s and John Corrill’s copies of this revelation have “individually” instead of “individuals.” (Revelation, 22 June 1834, in Revelations Collection, CHL [D&C 105:2]; see also Revelation, 22 June 1834, in Phelps, Diary and Notebook, 4 [second numbering] [D&C 105:2].)

  27. In February 1832, JS and Sidney Rigdon reported experiencing a vision of the afterlife, wherein they saw inhabitants of the celestial kingdom, the highest of three kingdoms of glory that people inherit after death. In March 1832, a revelation declared that “if ye are not equal in earthly things ye cannot be equal in obtaining heavenly thing[s],” including a “place in the celestiel world.” (Vision, 16 Feb. 1832 [D&C 76:50–70], herein; Revelation, 1 Mar. 1832 [D&C 78:5–7], herein.)

  28. John Whitmer later inserted “things” here. (Revelation, 22 June 1834, in Revelation Book 1, p. 199, in JSP, MRB:375 [D&C 105:6].)

  29. A December 1833 revelation explained why God allowed the Saints to be expelled from Jackson County, stating that it was “in consequence of their transgressions.” The Saints “must needs be chastened and tried even as Abraham,” the revelation continued, “for all those who will not endure chastening but deny me cannot be sanctified.” Similarly, a February 1834 revelation stated that through the expulsion, God was chastening “those who call themselves after my name … with a sore & grievous chastisement; because they did not hearken all together unto the precepts & commandments which I gave unto them.” (Revelation, 16–17 Dec. 1833 [D&C 101:2–5], herein; Revelation, 24 Feb. 1834 [D&C 103:4], herein.)

  30. First elder seems to be a generic title for those leading the church. (JS History, vol. A-1, 18, 37, in JSP, H1:294, 366 [Draft 2]; Minutes, 26–27 Apr. 1832, in JSP, D2:231; Note, 8 Mar. 1832, in JSP, D2:204; Minutes, 18 Mar. 1833, in JSP, D3:40; Revelation, 4 Feb. 1831 [D&C 41:9], herein; Revelation, 4 Dec. 1831–A [D&C 72:2, 8], herein; Revised Minutes, 18–19 Feb. 1834 [D&C 102:2], herein.)

  31. In a 7 April 1834 letter, JS declared that “if this Church which is assaying to be the church of Christ will not help us when they can do it without sacrifice … I proph[es]y I speak the truth I Lie not God shall take away their tallant and give it to those who have no tallant and shall prevent them from ever obtaining a place of reffuge or an in heritance upon the Land of Zion.” (Letter to Orson Hyde, 7 Apr. 1834, in JSP, D4:8.)

  32. In August 1834, JS intimated that “the appointed time for the redemption of Zion” was 11 September 1836. (Letter to Lyman Wight and Others, 16 Aug. 1834, in JSP, D4:106.)

  33. The copy of the revelation in Revelation Book 2 has “greater endowment” here. (Revelation, 22 June 1834, in Revelation Book 2, p. 98, in JSP, MRB:613 [D&C 105:12].)

  34. An endowment of power was first promised in a January 1831 revelation that directed the Saints to move to Ohio. After they arrived there, the revelation stated they would be “endowed with power from on high.” A December 1832 revelation directed the Saints in Ohio to build a house of God in Kirtland, and a June 1833 revelation stated that in this house, God would “endow those whom I have chosen with power from on high.” The House of the Lord was still under construction at this time. (Revelation, 2 Jan. 1831 [D&C 38:32], herein; Revelation, 27–28 Dec. 1832 [D&C 88:119], herein; Revelation, 1 June 1833 [D&C 95:8], herein.)

  35. See Revelation, 6 Aug. 1833 [D&C 98:37], herein.

  36. A July 1831 revelation declared that God had “appointed & consecrated” Missouri “for the gethering of the Saints.” (See Revelation, 20 July 1831 [D&C 57:1], herein.)

  37. See Revelation, 16–17 Dec. 1833 [D&C 101:55–56], herein; and Revelation, 24 Feb. 1834 [D&C 103:21–22], herein.

  38. The copies of the revelation in Revelation Book 2 and the 1844 edition of the Doctrine and Covenants insert “if they continue faithful” here. (Revelation, 22 June 1834, in Revelation Book 2, p. 98, in JSP, MRB:613 [D&C 105:18]; Revelation, 22 June 1834, in Doctrine and Covenants 102:5, 1844 ed. [D&C 105:18].)

  39. Many participants in the expedition remained in Missouri for a short time before departing for Kirtland. Among those who stayed were Wilford Woodruff, Milton Holmes, and Heman Hyde. Joseph Holbrook, his wife Nancy, and their two baby girls also remained, as did Holbrook’s brother Chandler, his wife Eunice, and their baby girl. (“Zion’s Camp,” Historical Record, June 1888, 7:591; Woodruff, Journal, May 1834; Holbrook, Reminiscences, 38–39; Radke, “We Also Marched,” 153–154.)

  40. The copies of the revelation in Revelation Book 2 and the 1844 edition of the Doctrine and Covenants insert “until it is wisdom in me that they should be revealed” here. Oliver Cowdery told Missouri church leaders that one of the reasons the church’s Independence printing office had been destroyed and Edward Partridge had been tarred and feathered in July 1833 was that some church members’ “mouths are continually open.” Their “tongues cannot be stayed from tatling,” Cowdery informed the leaders, instructing them to keep revelations “from false brethren & tatlers.” (Revelation, 22 June 1834, in Revelation Book 2, p. 99, in JSP, MRB:615 [D&C 105:23]; Revelation, 22 June 1834, in Doctrine and Covenants 102:7, 1844 ed. [D&C 105:23]; Letter to Church Leaders in Jackson Co., MO, 10 Aug. 1833, in JSP, D3:241, 242.)

  41. George A. Smith reported that on 16 June, Martin Harris “boasted to the Brethren that he could handle snakes with perfect safety” and then offered his foot to a snake and was bitten. The Sangamo Journal also reported that a member of the expedition, “who appeared to be a leader, stated to a respectable citizen of this town [Springfield, Illinois], that he had himself performed more miracles than were recorded in the Old and New Testaments.” (George A. Smith, Autobiography, 34; Report, Sangamo Journal [Springfield, IL], 7 June 1834, [2]; see also Howe, Mormonism Unvailed, 158–159.)

  42. John Whitmer later inserted “as much” here. (Revelation, 22 June 1834, in Revelation Book 1, p. 200, in JSP, MRB:377 [D&C 105:24].)

  43. William W. Phelps’s copy of this revelation has “enemies” here instead of “wrongs.” (Revelation, 22 June 1834, in Revelations Collection, CHL [D&C 105:25].)

  44. TEXT: Possibly “Phariah”.

  45. John Whitmer later inserted “and after they are purchased,” here. (Revelation, 22 June 1834, in Revelation Book 1, p. 201, in JSP, MRB:379 [D&C 105:29].)

  46. An 1831 revelation instructed church members to consecrate their property to the church, in part so that land could be purchased for the construction of the New Jerusalem where God’s covenant people would gather. An August 1831 revelation specifically told church members moving to Missouri to consecrate their property to the bishop, who would give them an inheritance of land in return. (Revelation, 9 Feb. 1831 [D&C 42:30–36], herein; Revelation, 1 Aug. 1831 [D&C 58:34–36], herein.)

  47. The copies of the revelation in Revelation Book 2 and the 1844 edition of the Doctrine and Covenants insert here, “which they have previously purchased with their moneys.” (Revelation, 22 June 1834, in Revelation Book 2, p. 99, in JSP, MRB:615 [D&C 105:30]; Revelation, 22 June 1834, in Doctrine and Covenants 102:8, 1844 ed. [D&C 105:30].)

  48. A December 1833 revelation discussing how Zion was to be redeemed included a parable of a lord whose vineyard was overrun by enemies. The lord told one of his servants to gather together his “wariors,” reclaim the vineyard, and “break down the walls of mine enemies[,] th[r]ow down their tower and scatte[r] their watchmen.” If the enemies attacked again, the warriors were to “avenge me of mine enemies that by and by I may come with the residue of mine house and possess the Land.” (Revelation, 16–17 Dec. 1833 [D&C 101:44–60], herein.)

  49. See Song of Solomon 6:10.

  50. The following day, a council of high priests met “in order to choose some of the first Elders to receive their endowments.— being appointed by the voice of the Spirit through Br. Joseph Smith jr. President of the Church of Christ.” (Minutes, 23 June 1834, in JSP, D4:82.)

  51. Several Missouri church leaders drafted an “APPEAL for peace” in July 1834. It was then published in the August 1834 issue of The Evening and the Morning Star. This appeal, which drew on some of the language of this revelation, explained that the church had petitioned the governor of Missouri and the president of the United States for redress and tried to work out a compromise with Jackson County residents, but to no avail. They therefore issued “this solemn APPEAL to the people and constituted authorities of this nation, and to the ends of the earth, FOR PEACE,” hoping that they could “regain and enjoy our rights and property, agreeable to law in this boasted land of liberty.” The appeal also asked “the rulers of this nation” to provide them with “redress and redemption” of their Jackson County lands, the right to “free trade with all men, and unmolested emigration to any part of the Union, and for our inherent right to worship God as we please.” It is unclear whether this appeal was circulated outside of its publication in The Evening and the Morning Star. (“An Appeal,” The Evening and the Morning Star, Aug. 1834, 183–184, emphasis in original.)

  52. The copies of the revelation in Revelation Book 2 and the 1844 edition of the Doctrine and Covenants have “therefore be faithful” here. (Revelation, 22 June 1834, in Revelation Book 2, p. 100, in JSP, MRB:617 [D&C 105:41]; Revelation, 22 June 1834, in Doctrine and Covenants 102:11, 1844 ed. [D&C 105:41].)